Ethnic Han, born in August 1946, native of Suzhou of Jiangsu Province.

Graduated from oceanic engineering school of Technical University of Denmark and got her doctorate in engineering. Started working in September 1967. Professor.

Vice-chairwoman of 11th NPC Standing Committee, chairwoman of Central Committee of China Association for Promoting Democracy (CAPD).

1962-1967 Studied at School of Mechanical Engineering in Shanghai Jiaotong University (SJTU)

1967-1968 Stayed in college waiting for job assignment

1968-1978 Worked as worker in Xuzhou Bureau of Mining Industry in Jiangsu, technician of No. 1 electro-mechanical repair factory and teacher with college of employees

1978-1981 Obtained master degree at School of Mechanical Engineering of SJTU

1981-1995 Worked as teaching assistant, lecturer, associate professor, professor and tutor for doctoral students (pursued doctorate in oceanic engineering school in Technical University of Denmark from 1984 to 1986)

1995-2000 Assistant to president of SJTU and dean of its School of Mechanical Engineering, vice-chairwoman of Shanghai Municipal Committee of CAPD

2000-2001 Vice-director of Information Office of Shanghai Municipal Government; vice-chairwoman of Shanghai Municipal Committee of CAPD

2001-2002 Vice-mayor of Shanghai Municipality, vice-chairwoman of Shanghai Municipal Committee of CAPD

2002-2002 Vice-mayor of Shanghai Municipality, chairwoman of Shanghai Municipal Committee of CAPD

2002-2007 Vice-chairwoman of Central Committee of CAPD, chairwoman of Shanghai Municipal Committee of CAPD, vice-mayor of Shanghai Municipality

2007-2007 Vice-chairwoman and executive vice-chairwoman of Central Committee of CAPD

2007-2008 Chairwoman of Central Committee of CAPD

2008- Vice-chairwoman of 11th NPC Standing Committee; chairwoman of Central Committee of CAPD

Vice-chairwoman of 11th NPC Standing Committee, member of 10th National Committee of Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.