《2014年中国人权事业的进展》白皮书
White Paper: Progress in China's Human Rights in 2014
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| 七、残疾人权利 | VII. Rights of Persons with Disabilities |
| 2014年，国家继续推出一系列保障和改善残疾人民生的措施，残疾人社会保障、就业、教育和公共服务等得到进一步提升。 | In 2014 the government adopted a series of measures to protect and improve the well-being of persons with disabilities, and progress was made in social security, employment, education, and provision of public services for disabled people. |
| 困难残疾人生活得到更好保障。民政部和中国残疾人联合会在部分地区推动实施建立困难残疾人生活补贴和重度残疾人护理补贴制度。共有19个省（自治区、直辖市）建立了困难残疾人生活补贴专项制度，15个省（自治区、直辖市）建立了重度残疾人护理补贴专项制度。全国至少实施一项补贴制度的覆盖率达到77.42%，700多万残疾人直接受益。 | The lives of disabled persons with financial difficulties better secured. The Ministry of Civil Affairs and China Disabled Persons' Federation supported the introduction of living expense subsidies to disabled persons with financial difficulties and of nursing subsidies to those suffering from a high degree of disability in some regions. Nineteen provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government adopted the policy of granting living expense subsidies to disabled persons with financial difficulties, and 15 had adopted the policy of granting nursing subsidies to those suffering from a high degree of disability. Nationwide, 77.42 percent of the entitled population had access to either of the two policies, benefiting more than seven million people with disabilities. |
| 重点康复工程建设成效显著。2014年，中央专项彩票公益金投入10.63亿元，专门用于残疾人康复工作。通过实施一批重点康复工程，共751.5万残疾人得到不同程度的康复服务：完成白内障复明手术74.8万例，其中为贫困白内障患者免费实施复明手术30万例；为14.2万名低视力者配用助视器；为12.3万名盲人开展了定向行走训练；对3.2万名聋儿进行听力语言康复训练；对3.09万名智力残疾儿童开展机构康复训练；对7.34万名智力残疾儿童、3.48万名成人智力残疾人开展社区、家庭康复指导；对4万名脑瘫儿童进行机构康复训练及其家长培训；对36.7万名肢体残疾人开展社区、家庭康复训练；组织实施贫困肢体残疾儿童矫治手术8860例、麻风畸残矫治手术224例；为583.7万名精神病患者实施综合防治康复措施，对46.2万名贫困精神病患者实施医疗救助，对2万名孤独症儿童进行康复训练；为残疾人提供辅助器具152.4万件，其中国家彩票公益金项目为贫困残疾人免费发放40.32万件，为贫困残疾人减免费用装配普及型假肢2.9万例，矫形器6.4万例。大力开展康复人才培养，全国共培训康复管理人员2.58万人，5.59万名康复专业技术人员和16.98万名社区康复协调员接受培训。开展社区康复服务的市辖区累计达914个，县（市）累计达2023个，接受社区康复服务的残疾人数达614.45万人。 | Notable achievements in key rehabilitation projects. In 2014 the central special lottery public welfare fund provided 1.063 billion yuan for the rehabilitation of the disabled. Thanks to a number of key rehabilitation projects, 7.515 million disabled people received rehabilitation services of various kinds: 748,000 received cataract surgery, including 300,000 free operations; 142,000 visually impaired people received visual aids; 123,000 blind people received orientation and mobility training; 32,000 children with hearing impairments received hearing restoration or language training; 30,900 children with intellectual disabilities received training in rehabilitation institutions; 73,400 children and 34,800 adults with intellectual disabilities received rehabilitation guidance in their communities or homes; 40,000 children with brain paralysis received training in rehabilitation institutions, and their parents also received relevant training; 367,000 physically challenged people received rehabilitation training in their communities or homes; 8,860 physically handicapped children from poor families and 224 persons suffering from leprosy received surgery; 5.837 million patients with mental disorder received comprehensive rehabilitation services, 462,000 indigent people with mental disorder received medical services, and 20,000 children with autistic disorders received rehabilitation training; 1.524 million assistance devices were provided to people with disabilities, of which 403,200 were provided gratis by the central special lottery public welfare fund for disabled people living in poverty; and 29,000 artificial limbs and 64,000 remedial aids were provided cheaply or free for disabled people living in poverty. In addition, efforts were made to train rehabilitation personnel, including 25,800 rehabilitation management staff, 55,900 rehabilitation specialists and 169,800 community rehabilitation coordinators. In total, 914 municipal districts and 2,023 counties and county-level cities provided community rehabilitation services, benefiting 6.1445 million people. |
| 无障碍设施建设加快推进。无障碍设施建设工作进入依法发展阶段。各省（自治区、直辖市）创建无障碍环境市县工作稳步推进，创建工作涉及全国650多个市和1600多个县。重点推进居住区缘石坡道、轮椅坡道、人行通道，以及建筑公共出入口、公共走道、地面、楼梯、电梯候梯厅及轿厢等设施和部位的无障碍改造。投入使用“贫困残疾人家庭无障碍改造数据库系统”，及时了解残疾人家庭无障碍设施建设工作进展。 | Construction of barrier-free facilities accelerated. In 2014 the construction of a barrier-free environment progressed in accordance with the law. All provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government made steady headway in building barrier-free cities and counties, involving 650 cities and 1,600 counties nationwide. The focus was on building barrier-free curb ramps, ramps for wheelchairs and pavements in residential quarters, and barrier-free entry-exit, passages, floors, stairways, elevator landings and compartments, and other areas in public buildings. The "database of barrier-free renovation of deprived families with disabled members" was put into operation to promptly record the progress of barrier-free renovation work. |
| 残疾人公共文化服务进一步完善。2014年，全国近5万所城乡公共文化服务设施已实现无障碍进入，有条件的文化站专门配备康复训练设施和适合残疾人使用的文化娱乐器材。全国公共图书馆盲文图书藏量超过80万册，盲人阅览室坐席数达18万多个。各级图书馆、文化馆（群艺馆）以“全国助残日”、“国际助残日”、“全国爱耳日”等为契机，广泛开展慰问演出、文化培训和资源配送等活动。国家为参加2014年高考的盲人提供盲文考卷、电子试卷，或安排专门工作人员对考生提供便利协助。 | Public cultural services to persons with disabilities improved. In 2014 nearly 50,000 urban and rural centers of public cultural services provided barrier-free access, with rehabilitation facilities and cultural amusement devices available where conditions permitted. Public libraries nationwide had 800,000 copies of books in braille, and provided 180,000 reading seats for blind people. Libraries and cultural and art centers at all levels organized performances, cultural training programs and resources distribution around the "National Day for Assisting Disabled Persons," "International Day of Persons with Disabilities" and "Ear Care Day." Blind people who sat the national college entrance examinations in 2014 took the exams in braille, or with the assistance of audio device. Special staff were provided to assist them in taking the exams. |
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