王毅接受卡塔尔半岛电视台采访（全文）
Transcript of Wang Yi's interview with Belahodood of Al Jazeera

: 0 Comment(s)打印 E-mail China.org.cn　2016-05-24

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十三、问：美国现在正在衰落，在未来的十到二十年这种衰落会非常明显，中国已经准备好领导这个世界了吗？哪怕是因为美国衰落中国被迫领导这个世界，中国准备好了吗？	Question 13: The United States is on a path of decline, and such decline will become quite pronounced in the next ten to twenty years. Is China prepared to lead the world, even if it is forced to do so because of the US decline?
王毅：如何评判美国的地位和影响，各国看法可能并不完全一致。根据我们对美国的了解，在今后很长一段时间内美国还是会保持世界第一的位置。但是这并不意味这个世界只能由一个国家来领导，实际上这个世界也不可能由一个国家来领导。还是应该通过加强国际合作，共同把我们这个星球建设好，维护好。	Wang Yi: Different countries may not have exactly the same assessment of the status and influence of the US. From what we know about the country, the United States will probably remain the world's No. 1 for a fairly long time to come. But this does not mean that the world can only be led by one country, which, in fact, is simply impossible. We need greater international cooperation to ensure a better future for our planet.
习近平主席在去年纪念联合国成立七十周年峰会上提出了非常重要的理念，呼吁各国携起手来共同建设人类命运共同体。因为现在世界各国之间已经相互依存，相互融合，地球已经变成了一个地球村，大家谁也离不开谁。这样的话，我们就应该建设一个利益共同体、责任共同体、安全共同体，直至建立一个全人类的命运共同体，这完全符合全人类的共同利益，也应该是我们的一个崇高目标。	At the summits marking the 70th anniversary of the UN last year, President Xi Jinping laid out a very important vision, calling on countries to work together for a community of shared future for mankind. Given the level of interdependence and integration among the world's nations, our planet has in fact become a village where no one can prosper in isolation. This requires us to build a community of shared interests, shared responsibilities and shared security, and eventually a community of shared future for mankind. Such an endeavor is in the common interest of all mankind and should be a lofty goal for us.
十四、问：美国国防部长卡特4月中旬出席美国菲律宾联合军演之后，指责中国将南海地区军事化，亚太地区国家也对中国采取的陆域吹填行动感到担忧。这是美国、东南亚国家对中国的军事挑衅吗？	Question 14: After attending the US-Philippines joint military drill in mid-April, US Defense Secretary Carter accused China of militarizing the South China Sea and said that countries in the Asia Pacific were concerned about China's land reclamation. Is this a military provocation by the US and Southeast Asian countries against China?
王毅：我想你的这个判断是有道理的。因为南海本来是和平的，也是稳定的。至于历史上遗留下来的具体岛礁争议，虽然中国的权益受到了侵害，但是我们坚持以和平的方式，通过对话和协商来寻求妥善解决，这个进程正在进行当中。	Wang Yi: Your question makes sense. The South China Sea is originally peaceful and stable. As for the disputes left over from history over some specific islands and reefs, China is committed to seeking proper, peaceful settlement through dialogue and consultation even though its own rights and interests had been infringed upon. This process is still under way.
岛礁建设其实南海一些沿岸国很早就开始了，包括在他们侵占的中国岛礁上进行各种各样的所谓建设。中国只是最近才开始一些必要的建设。中国的建设一方面是为了改善岛礁上人员的生活和工作条件。时间长了风吹雨淋，我们当然需要改善。另一方面，中国作为南海最大的沿岸国，也愿意通过建设必要的设施来提供更多公共产品，发挥它的公益功能。比如我们建设的一些灯塔，这些灯塔开启之后，过往的船只都会受益，他们都觉得是一件很好的事情。我们建设一些救急的港口，包括医疗设施、气象站，也会发挥很好的公益作用。我们这种做法不违反任何国际法，也不影响航行自由，反而提供了大家都需要的公共产品。拿这个事情去炒作、去渲染完全是没有必要的。换句话说，恐怕有其他政治上的图谋。	Some littoral states of the South China Sea started construction on the islands and reefs many years ago, including their so-called construction on the Chinese islands and reefs they illegally occupied. China began some necessary construction only very recently. For one thing, China's construction is meant to improve the living and working conditions of the personnel on the islands and reefs. Harsh natural conditions-the wind and rains-have made such improvements absolutely necessary. At the same time, China, as the largest littoral state of the South China Sea, is willing to provide more public goods by building necessary facilities which can benefit everyone. For example, we have built light houses which, once in operation, will benefit all vessels that pass by. People think this is a good thing. The ports we built for emergency relief, including medical facilities and meteorological stations, will also serve the public good. What we did does not breach any international law or affect the freedom of navigation. Quite the contrary, we are providing public goods that everyone needs. To play up or sensationalize the matter makes no sense. Any sensationalization is probably driven by certain political agenda.
至于刚才谈到的所谓军事化问题，我想大家都知道，任何国家都有国际法所赋予的自保权和自卫权。我们在自己驻守的岛礁上有一些自卫设施，实际上非常正常。别的国家早就在我们周围的岛礁开始建设大量军事设施，所以我们需要有必要的防卫手段和能力，这跟军事化没有任何关系。如果说军事化，我们看到航空母舰开到南海来了，战略轰炸机飞到南海上空来了，导弹驱逐舰不断地接近中国的岛礁，向中国施加军事压力。恐怕这才是军事化，包括大规模的军事演习，还有在菲律宾建设各种各样的军事基地。	As for the so-called militarization you just mentioned, it is common sense that all countries enjoy the right to self-preservation and self-defense under international law. It is therefore perfectly normal that China has some self-defense facilities on its stationed islands and reefs. Other countries have long maintained a large number of military facilities on the islands and reefs around us. We need necessary means and capabilities to defend ourselves, but this has nothing to do with militarization. If one talks about militarization, we have seen aircraft carriers coming to the South China Sea, strategic bombers flying over the South China Sea waters and guided-missile destroyers coming close to China's islands and reefs, all to exert military pressure on China. I am afraid this is what militarization really looks like, including large-scale military drills and the construction of military bases of all sorts in the Philippines.
我觉得，无论是岛礁建设也好，还是军事化问题也好，都不能用双重标准，都不能只说别人，而自己却为所欲为，这是不公平的。越来越多的国家看到了这一点，任何没有偏见的人士也都会看清楚目前的形势和问题根源所在。	Now this is what I think: be it island construction or militarization, there should be no double standard. It is not fair for one to criticize others on the one hand while doing whatever he likes on the other. I think more and more countries have realized this, and people without prejudice will see clearly the current situation and the root of the problem.
十五、问：您认为美国向菲律宾派遣数千名美军士兵参加美菲联合军演，是对中国的直接威胁吗？	Question 15: The US has sent several thousand American troops to the Philippines for the joint military exercise. Do you see this as a direct threat to China?
王毅：我想这种举动起码是给南海局势增加了不稳定因素，甚至是在刺激局势进一步紧张，这不是一种建设性的做法。南海问题的解决实际上已经有了一个明确的共同遵守的思路，这就是“双轨思路”，中国和东盟国家已经基本上达成了一致。	Wang Yi: Such a move, to say the least, has added destabilizing factors to the South China Sea situation, if not further heightening the tensions, and we don't think it is constructive. For the settlement of the South China Sea issue, there is already a clear approach to be observed by all, that is the "dual track approach" on which China and ASEAN countries have basically agreed.
“双轨思路”的第一个轨道就是具体争议怎么解决。我们跟东盟都同意应由直接当事方坐下来谈判解决，这个做法既是《联合国宪章》所鼓励的方向，也是中国和东盟十个国家共同签字的《南海各方行为宣言》（DOC）第四条的规定。中国也好，菲律宾也好，其他东盟国家也好，都为此承担了义务。	One track of this approach is about how to settle the specific disputes. China and ASEAN agreed that these disputes should be settled through negotiations by parties directly concerned. This is what the UN Charter encourages, and what has been required by Paragraph Four of the DOC jointly signed by China and the ten ASEAN countries. China, the Philippines and other ASEAN countries all have obligations to shoulder.
从这个意义上来讲，我们不赞成、不接受、也不会参与菲律宾单方面提交的所谓国际仲裁，因为这个所谓仲裁首先违反了我刚才所说的DOC第四条规定，同时也违反了仲裁须经当事方协商一致的原则。菲律宾没有与中国进行任何协商，而是强行推动。菲律宾还违反了中菲两国达成的一系列协定，其核心内容就是双方要通过谈判解决问题。此外，菲律宾声称提起仲裁是因为谈判已经穷尽，这不是事实。或者更加直截了当地讲，这是一个谎言。菲律宾向仲裁庭提交的所谓各项诉求，没有一项跟中国进行过认真的双边谈判。而中国直到今天仍然在告诉菲律宾，我们可以坐下来谈，中方对话的大门是敞开的。但菲律宾仍然拒绝与我们进行谈判和协商。我们认为，菲律宾这种做法从一开始就缺乏合法性，也缺乏正当性。	It is for this reason that China does not approve of, accept or participate in the so-called international arbitration unilaterally initiated by the Philippines. Because, first of all, this so-called arbitration violates Paragraph Four of the DOC we all signed. It also goes against the principle that arbitration requires agreement between the parties concerned; the Philippines pushed for the arbitration without having any consultation with China. The Philippines also violated a number of bilateral agreements it reached with China, the centerpiece of which is to resolve problems through negotiations. What's more, the Philippines claimed that it initiated the arbitration because it had exhausted the means of negotiation. That's not true; or to put it more bluntly, that is a lie. The Philippines had not engaged in any serious bilateral negotiations with China on any of the so-called requests it submitted to the arbitral tribunal. Even till this day, China is still saying to the Philippines that we may sit down and talk, and China's door for dialogue is open. It is the Philippines who still refuses to negotiate or consult with us. As we see it, what the Philippines did lacks legality and legitimacy from the very beginning.
还有一种论调，认为接受仲裁就是合法，不接受仲裁就是无视国际法，这种说法完全站不住脚。我刚才跟你谈了，菲律宾这些做法恰恰才是缺乏法理依据的。中国不接受仲裁的做法，一是我们要坚持履行我刚才谈到的根据DOC承担的责任和义务，坚持通过双边谈判解决问题。二是我们早在10年前就根据《联合国海洋法公约》第298条所赋予的权利发表了政府声明，排除了强制性管辖。今天，中国政府当然要坚持十年前发表的声明，政府的立场要保持连贯性和一致性。应该说，中国目前恰恰是在依法行事，是在维护《联合国海洋法公约》的严肃性。这是我刚才给你介绍的第一条轨道，即具体争议由直接当事方坐下来谈。	Some people contend that accepting the arbitration is observing the law, while not accepting the arbitration is a defiance of international law. Such an argument does not hold water at all. As I said just now, it is the Philippines who lacks legal basis. As for China's non-acceptance of the arbitration, for one thing, we need to honor our responsibilities and obligations under the DOC and to bilateral negotiations as the way of resolving the problem. For another, as early as ten years ago, we had issued a government statement that excluded compulsory jurisdiction, a right provided for by Article 298 of the UNCLOS. Of course, the Chinese government will stand by the statement it made ten years ago; the continuity and consistency of the government's position need to be maintained. Therefore, China is acting according to law and is safeguarding the sanctity of the UNCLOS. What I just told you is the first track, namely that specific disputes should be negotiated by parties directly involved.
另一条轨道，就是南海的和平稳定怎么办？这应由所有南海沿岸国，也就是说中国和东盟共同维护，通过合作来确保。在这个轨道上，中国和东盟正在全面落实DOC，包括开展海上合作，我们也在推进“南海行为准则”（COC）的进程，这个进程应该说还是很快的，我们希望尽快达成一致，这样我们可以更好地维护好南海的和平稳定。也就是说，中国和东盟有能力而且有意愿，通过我们的合作来维护好南海的和平与稳定。所以我们希望域外国家支持中国和东盟的努力，为此发挥建设性的作用，而不是相反。	The other track is about peace and stability in the South China Sea. It should be jointly maintained and ensured by all littoral states of the South China Sea, namely China and ASEAN, through cooperation. On this track, China and ASEAN are fully implementing the DOC, including carrying out maritime cooperation. We are also advancing the COC process, which is progressing fairly fast. We hope to reach agreement as soon as possible so as to better safeguard peace and stability in the South China Sea. In other words, China and ASEAN are capable and willing to safeguard peace and stability in the South China Sea through cooperation. So we hope countries from outside the region will support efforts by China and ASEAN and play a constructive role rather than doing the opposite.
十六、问：您曾经担任过中国驻日本大使，而中国同日本之间的关系比较紧张，前两天日本外相来中国进行了访问，在这种情况下您如何看待中日关系的未来？	Question 16: You served as the Chinese Ambassador to Japan. Japanese foreign minister visited China a couple of days ago amid strained relations between China and Japan. How do you see the future of China-Japan relations?
王毅：中国和日本是近邻，我们当然希望和日本建立和发展稳定的、健康的睦邻友好关系。这是中国的既定政策。但是，“一个巴掌拍不响”，这需要双方相向而行，关键要看日方采取什么样的行动，不光是看它说什么。重要的是，日方应该真正把中国作为它的合作伙伴，而不是竞争对手，作为一个友好邻邦，而不是一个所谓的威胁。如果日本能够循着这样的认识，而且把这个认识落实到对华交往具体行动上，中日关系就会走上一条稳定发展的轨道。所以现在要看日方究竟做出什么样的判断，这是目前中日关系最关键的。	Wang Yi: China and Japan are close neighbors. We certainly want stable, healthy, friendly and good-neighborly relations with Japan. This is our consistent policy. But just as you cannot clap with one hand alone, the two sides need to meet each other half way. We need to see not only what Japan says, but also how it acts. It is important for Japan to view China as a cooperation partner rather than a rival, a friendly neighbor rather than a "threat". If Japan can commit itself to this common understanding and act on it in developing its relations with China, China-Japan relations will embark on a path of stable development. The China-Japan relations now hinge on what decision the Japanese side would make.
十七、问：朝鲜所采取的军事政策令世界各国都感到不安，中国是同朝鲜关系最好的国家，也是朝鲜的邻国，中国如何看待朝鲜的局势？如何看待朝鲜给世界各国，尤其是美国所带来的不安？	Question 17: The DPRK has unsettled the world with its military policy. As its neighbor and probably the country with the closest relations with the DPRK, how does China view the situation in the DPRK and the concerns it has caused for countries around the world, in particular, the United States?
王毅：你提了一个很重要的问题，就是朝鲜半岛核问题。它越来越引起国际社会的关注，尤其是在伊朗核问题达成全面协议之后，各方更把目光聚焦在朝鲜半岛上。中国的立场非常清楚。我们立场就是“三个坚持”。第一，坚持实现半岛无核化。半岛不能有核武器，不能够发展也不能输入。因为这首先对南北双方不利，不利于他们的安全，同时对这个地区也不利，甚至会破坏国际核不扩散体系。第二，坚持维护半岛和平与稳定。半岛是中国的近邻，半岛一旦生战生乱会直接影响到中国，直接影响到我们的现代化进程。当然，生战生乱对各方也不利，需要共同加以避免。所以我们要共同维护好半岛的和平稳定。第三，坚持以和平方式解决半岛核问题。实际上我们已经有了很成熟的经验，就是六方会谈。六方会谈的做法就是把各自的关切都拿到桌面上来，然后相互对接，同步向前推进，一并加以解决。这是一个公平合理的办法，曾经推动六方会谈取得了很重要的成绩，而且这个做法后来被用在伊朗核问题的解决进程中，也发挥了非常好的作用。所以现在我们需要恢复六方会谈，把半岛核问题重新拉回到谈判解决的轨道上来。	Wang Yi: You raised a very important question about the Korean nuclear issue. This issue has attracted growing international attention, and has been in the spotlight after the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action was reached on the Iranian nuclear issue. China's position is clear-cut, namely the "three commitments". First, China is committed to achieving denuclearization on the Korean Peninsula. There should be no nuclear weapons on the Peninsula, either by way of development or by import, because it does no good to either side, to their security, or to the region. Rather, it will undermine the international non-proliferation regime. Second, China is committed to peace and stability on the Peninsula. Given the geographical proximity, any chaos or war on the Peninsula would have a direct bearing on China and its modernization drive. It goes without saying that, war or chaos serves no one's interests. So we need to work together to avoid such scenario and jointly uphold peace and stability on the Peninsula. Third, China is committed to resolving the Korean nuclear issue through peaceful means. Actually, we already have good experience in dealing with this issue, that is the Six-Party Talks. Under the talks, all sides can bring their concerns to the table, talk them through and address them in parallel. This approach is fair and reasonable, and had secured important progress out of the talks in the past. It has also played a positive role in resolving the Iranian nuclear issue. As such, it is imperative to resume the Six-Party Talks and bring the nuclear issue on the Peninsula back to the track of negotiation.
就当前形势而言，当务之急是要避免半岛形势进一步紧张，尤其是要防止发生冲突，防止局势恶化甚至失控。中方正在同各方进行沟通来做这方面的努力。此外，就是要落实好联合国安理会的第2270号决议。2270号决议是安理会一致通过的，它既针对朝鲜核导计划明确了反对态度，采取了一系列必要的措施，同时也规定不应影响到朝鲜的民生，不能引发人道主义危机，要防止局势进一步紧张。2270号决议还重申要恢复六方会谈，通过谈判解决问题。这些都是2270号决议的内容，所以我们主张2270号决议应该全面完整地加以执行。	In the current context, the pressing task is to avoid further escalation of tensions on the Peninsula, in particular, to forestall conflicts and prevent the situation from deteriorating or even getting out of control. The Chinese side is talking to all parties for this purpose. Moreover, UNSC Resolution 2270 should be implemented. Adopted unanimously at the Security Council, Resolution 2270 voices clear opposition against the DPRK's nuclear and missile program and sets out a host of necessary measures. At the same time, it says clearly that the measures taken should not affect the livelihood of the DPRK people, nor should they lead to humanitarian crisis or further escalation of tensions. It also reiterates the importance of resuming the Six-Party Talks and resolving the issue through negotiation. The resolution includes all these aspects and must be implemented in full.
从这个意义上讲，中方一方面作为安理会常任理事国执行安理会决议，另一方面也不放弃恢复和谈的努力。我们提出了一个恢复和谈的思路，叫做“并行推进”，实际上是借鉴了过去的经验。朝鲜方面最关心的是它的安全问题，为此需要把半岛停战机制转换为和平机制，这样来确保国家安全。我们可以理解。美国和包括中国在内的其他国家希望朝鲜放弃核导计划，都希望实现半岛无核化。我们可以把两方面关切结合起来，使推进无核化和停和机制转换并行向前推进，一起进行谈判，最终达到一揽子解决。我认为这是一个切实可行的复谈思路。我们希望同各方、特别是和六方会谈成员国密切沟通，为此不断创造条件。总之，半岛核问题必须重新纳入和平解决轨道。	The Chinese side is implementing the UN resolution as a permanent member of the Security Council while pursuing the resumption of the talks. We have put forward an approach of parallel tracks, which is inspired by our past experience. For the DPRK, security is its top concern, so it wants to replace the armistice agreement with a peace treaty to ensure its national security. This is understandable, while the United States and other countries, including China, hope that the DPRK will give up its nuclear program and the denuclearization of the Peninsula can be achieved. We need to take into account both concerns and pursue, in parallel tracks, the denuclearization and the replacement of the armistice agreement with a peace treaty. We can discuss them all at the negotiating table and find a package solution. I believe this is a viable way to resume the talks. We also hope to keep close communication with all sides, members of the Six-Party Talks in particular, to create conditions for the resumption. In all, the Korean nuclear issue must be addressed peacefully.
问：现在的问题是朝鲜是否愿意放弃它的核计划呢？	Follow-up: The big question now is whether the DPRK is willing to abandon its nuclear program.
王毅：你说了一个很重要的问题。朝鲜愿意还是不愿意？关键是要谈起来看，谈起来就有取得进展的可能性，如果不谈的话，就什么都没有。	Wang Yi: You touched upon a very important point. Is the DPRK willing to do so? The key is to get the talks going, because no progress would be possible without the talks.