《中国坚持通过谈判解决中国与菲律宾在南海的有关争议》白皮书
White Paper: China Adheres to the Position of Settling Through Negotiation the Relevant Disputes Between China and the Philippines in the South China Sea
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| 引 言 | Introduction |
| 1. 南海位于中国大陆的南面，通过狭窄的海峡或水道，东与太平洋相连，西与印度洋相通，是一个东北－西南走向的半闭海。南海北靠中国大陆和台湾岛，南接加里曼丹岛和苏门答腊岛，东临菲律宾群岛，西接中南半岛和马来半岛。 | 1. Situated to the south of China's mainland, and connected by narrow straits and waterways with the Pacific Ocean to the east and the Indian Ocean to the west, the South China Sea is a semi-closed sea extending from northeast to southwest. To its north are the mainland and Taiwan Dao of China, to its south Kalimantan Island and Sumatra Island, to its east the Philippine Islands, and to its west the Indo-China Peninsula and the Malay Peninsula. |
| 2. 中国南海诸岛包括东沙群岛、西沙群岛、中沙群岛和南沙群岛。这些群岛分别由数量不等、大小不一的岛、礁、滩、沙等组成。其中，南沙群岛的岛礁最多，范围最广。 | 2. China's Nanhai Zhudao (the South China Sea Islands) consist of Dongsha Qundao (the Dongsha Islands), Xisha Qundao (the Xisha Islands), Zhongsha Qundao (the Zhongsha Islands) and Nansha Qundao (the Nansha Islands). These Islands include, among others, islands, reefs, shoals and cays of various numbers and sizes. Nansha Qundao is the largest in terms of both the number of islands and reefs and the geographical area. |
| 3. 中国人民在南海的活动已有2000多年历史。中国最早发现、命名和开发利用南海诸岛及相关海域，最早并持续、和平、有效地对南海诸岛及相关海域行使主权和管辖。中国对南海诸岛的主权和在南海的相关权益，是在漫长的历史过程中确立的，具有充分的历史和法理依据。 | 3. The activities of the Chinese people in the South China Sea date back to over 2,000 years ago. China is the first to have discovered, named, and explored and exploited Nanhai Zhudao and relevant waters, and the first to have continuously, peacefully and effectively exercised sovereignty and jurisdiction over them. China's sovereignty over Nanhai Zhudao and relevant rights and interests in the South China Sea have been established in the long course of history, and are solidly grounded in history and law. |
| 4. 中国和菲律宾隔海相望，交往密切，人民世代友好，原本不存在领土和海洋划界争议。然而，自20世纪70年代起，菲律宾开始非法侵占南沙群岛部分岛礁，由此制造了中菲南沙群岛部分岛礁领土问题。此外，随着国际海洋法的发展，两国在南海部分海域还出现了海洋划界争议。 | 4. As neighbors facing each other across the sea, China and the Philippines have closely engaged in exchanges, and the two peoples have enjoyed friendship over generations. There had been no territorial or maritime delimitation disputes between the two states until the 1970s when the Philippines started to invade and illegally occupy some islands and reefs of China's Nansha Qundao, creating a territorial issue with China over these islands and reefs. In addition, with the development of the international law of the sea, a maritime delimitation dispute also arose between the two states regarding certain maritime areas of the South China Sea. |
| 5. 中菲两国尚未举行旨在解决南海有关争议的任何谈判，但确曾就妥善处理海上争议进行多次磋商，就通过谈判协商解决有关争议达成共识，并在双边文件中多次予以确认。双方还在中国和东盟国家2002年共同签署的《南海各方行为宣言》（以下简称《宣言》）中就通过谈判协商解决有关争议作出郑重承诺。 | 5. China and the Philippines have not yet had any negotiation designed to settle their relevant disputes in the South China Sea. However, the two countries did hold multiple rounds of consultations on the proper management of disputes at sea and reached consensus on resolving through negotiation and consultation the relevant disputes, which has been repeatedly reaffirmed in a number of bilateral documents. The two countries have also made solemn commitment to settling relevant disputes through negotiation and consultation in the 2002 Declaration on the Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea (DOC) that China and the ASEAN Member States jointly signed. |
| 6. 2013年1月，菲律宾共和国时任政府违背上述共识和承诺，单方面提起南海仲裁案。菲律宾把原本不属于《联合国海洋法公约》（以下简称《公约》）调整的领土问题，以及被中国2006年依据《公约》第298条作出的排除性声明排除的海洋划界等争议加以曲解和包装，构成对《公约》争端解决机制的滥用。菲律宾妄图借此否定中国在南海的领土主权和海洋权益。 | 6. In January 2013, the then government of the Republic of the Philippines turned its back on the above-mentioned consensus and commitment, and unilaterally initiated the South China Sea arbitration. The Philippines deliberately mischaracterized and packaged the territorial issue which is not subject to the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) and the maritime delimitation dispute which has been excluded from the UNCLOS dispute settlement procedures by China's 2006 optional exceptions declaration pursuant to Article 298 of UNCLOS. This act is a wanton abuse of the UNCLOS dispute settlement procedures. In doing so, the Philippines attempts to deny China's territorial sovereignty and maritime rights and interests in the South China Sea. |
| 7. 本文件旨在还原中菲南海有关争议的事实真相，重申中国在南海问题上的一贯立场和政策，溯本清源，以正视听。 | 7. This paper aims to clarify the facts and tell the truth behind the relevant disputes between China and the Philippines in the South China Sea, and to reaffirm China's consistent position and policy on the South China Sea issue, in order to get to the root of the issue and set the record straight. |
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