《中国坚持通过谈判解决中国与菲律宾在南海的有关争议》白皮书
White Paper: China Adheres to the Position of Settling Through Negotiation the Relevant Disputes Between China and the Philippines in the South China Sea

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四、菲律宾一再采取导致争议复杂化的行动	IV. The Philippines Has Repeatedly Taken Moves that Complicate the Relevant Disputes
92. 自20世纪80年代以来，菲律宾一再采取导致争议复杂化的行动。	92. Since the 1980s, the Philippines has repeatedly taken moves that complicate the relevant disputes.
（一）菲律宾企图扩大对中国南沙群岛部分岛礁的侵占	i. The Philippines attempts to entrench its illegal occupation of some islands and reefs of China's Nansha Qundao
93. 自20世纪80年代起，菲律宾就在非法侵占的中国南沙群岛有关岛礁上建设军事设施。90年代，菲律宾继续在非法侵占的中国南沙群岛有关岛礁修建机场和海空军基地，以非法侵占的中国南沙群岛中业岛为重点，持续在相关岛礁建设和修整机场、兵营、码头等设施，以方便起降重型运输机、战斗机及容纳更多更大的舰船。菲律宾还蓄意挑衅，频繁派出军舰、飞机侵入中国南沙群岛五方礁、仙娥礁、信义礁、半月礁和仁爱礁，肆意破坏中国设置的测量标志。	93. In China's Nansha Qundao, the Philippines started in the 1980s to build military facilities on some islands and reefs it has invaded and illegally occupied. In the 1990s, the Philippines continued to build airfields and naval and air force facilities on these illegally-occupied islands and reefs; centered on Zhongye Dao, the construction has extended to other islands and reefs, with runways, military barracks, docks and other facilities built and renovated, so as to accommodate heavy transport planes, fighter jets and more and larger vessels. Furthermore, the Philippines made deliberate provocations by frequently sending its military vessels and aircraft to intrude into Wufang Jiao, Xian'e Jiao, Xinyi Jiao, Banyue Jiao and Ren'ai Jiao of China's Nansha Qundao, and destroyed survey markers set up by China.
94. 更有甚者，1999年5月9日，菲律宾派出57号坦克登陆舰入侵中国仁爱礁，并以“技术故障搁浅”为借口，在该礁非法“坐滩”。中国当即对菲律宾提出严正交涉，要求立即拖走该舰。而菲律宾却称该舰“缺少零部件”无法拖走。	94. Still worse, on 9 May 1999, the Philippines sent BRP Sierra Madre (LT-57), a military vessel, to intrude into China's Ren'ai Jiao and illegally ran it aground on the pretext of "technical difficulties". China immediately made solemn representations to the Philippines, demanding the immediate removal of that vessel. But the Philippines claimed that the vessel could not be towed away for "lack of parts".
95. 就此，中国持续对菲律宾进行交涉，再三要求菲方拖走该舰。例如，1999年11月，中国驻菲律宾大使约见菲律宾外长西亚松和总统办公室主任来妮海索斯，再次就该舰非法“坐滩”仁爱礁事进行交涉。菲律宾虽然再三承诺将把该舰从仁爱礁撤走，但一直拖延不动。	95. Over this matter, China has repeatedly made representations to the Philippines and renewed the same demand. For instance, in November 1999, the Chinese Ambassador to the Philippines met with Secretary of Foreign Affairs Domingo Siazon and Chief of the Presidential Management Staff Leonora de Jesus to make another round of representations. Many times the Philippines promised to tow away the vessel, but it has taken no action.
96. 2003年9月，得知菲律宾准备在仁爱礁非法“坐滩”的军舰周围修建设施后，中国当即提出严正交涉。菲律宾代理外长埃卜达林表示，菲律宾无意在仁爱礁上修建设施，菲律宾是《宣言》的签署者，不会也不愿成为第一个违反者。	96. In September 2003, upon the news that the Philippines was preparing to build facilities around that military vessel illegally run aground at Ren'ai Jiao, China lodged immediate representations. The Philippine Acting Secretary of Foreign Affairs Franklin Ebdalin responded that the Philippines had no intention to construct facilities on Ren'ai Jiao and that, as a signatory to the DOC, the Philippines had no desire to and would not be the first to violate the Declaration.
97. 但是菲律宾拒不履行拖走该舰的承诺，反而变本加厉，采取进一步挑衅行为。菲律宾于2013年2月在非法“坐滩”的该舰四周拉起固定缆绳，舰上人员频繁活动，准备建设固定设施。在中国多次交涉下，菲律宾国防部长加斯明声称，菲律宾只是在对该舰进行补给和修补，承诺不会在仁爱礁上修建设施。	97. But the Philippines did not fulfill its undertaking to tow away that vessel. Instead, it made even worse provocations. In February 2013, cables were lined up around that grounded vessel and people on board bustled around, making preparations for the construction of permanent facilities. In response to China's repeated representations, the Philippine Secretary of National Defense Voltaire Gazmin claimed that the Philippines was simply resupplying and repairing the vessel, and promised that no facilities would be built on Ren'ai Jiao.
98. 2014年3月14日，菲律宾外交部发表声明，公然宣称菲律宾当年用57号坦克登陆舰在仁爱礁“坐滩”，就是为了“将该军舰作为菲律宾政府的永久设施部署在仁爱礁”，企图以此为借口，继续拒不履行拖走该舰的承诺，进而达到侵占仁爱礁的目的。中国当即对此表示震惊，并重申绝不允许菲方以任何形式侵占仁爱礁。	98. On 14 March 2014, the Philippine Department of Foreign Affairs issued a statement openly declaring that the vessel it ran aground at Ren'ai Jiao was placed there as a permanent Philippine government installation. This was an apparent attempt to provide an excuse for its continued refusal to fulfill its undertaking to tow away that vessel in order to illegally seize Ren'ai Jiao. China immediately responded that it was shocked by this statement and reiterated that it would never allow the Philippines to seize Ren'ai Jiao by any means.
99. 2015年7月，菲律宾公开声明，菲方正对在仁爱礁“坐滩”的军舰进行内部整固。	99. In July 2015, the Philippines stated publicly that the so-called maintenance repair was being done to fortify the vessel.
100. 菲律宾用军舰“坐滩”仁爱礁，承诺拖走却始终食言，直至采取加固措施，以自己的实际行动证明菲律宾就是第一个公然违反《宣言》的国家。	100. To sum up, by running aground its military vessel at Ren'ai Jiao, then promising repeatedly to tow it away but breaking that promise repeatedly and even fortifying it, the Philippines has proven itself to be the first to openly violate the DOC.
101. 长期以来，菲律宾非法侵占中国南沙群岛有关岛礁，并在岛礁上修筑各种军事设施，企图制造既成事实，长期霸占。菲律宾的所作所为，严重侵犯中国对南沙群岛有关岛礁的主权，严重违反《宪章》和国际法基本准则。	101. Over the years, the Philippines has invaded and illegally occupied some islands and reefs of China's Nansha Qundao and constructed various military facilities thereupon in an attempt to establish a fait accompli of permanent occupation. These moves have grossly violated China's sovereignty over the relevant islands and reefs of Nansha Qundao and violated the Charter of the United Nations and basic norms of international law.
（二）菲律宾一再扩大海上侵权	ii. The Philippines has increasingly intensified its infringement of China's maritime rights and interests
102. 自20世纪70年代起，菲律宾依据其单方面主张，先后侵入中国南沙群岛礼乐滩、忠孝滩等地进行非法油气钻探，包括就有关区块进行对外招标。	102. Since the 1970s, the Philippines, asserting its unilateral claims, has intruded into, among others, the maritime areas of Liyue Tan and Zhongxiao Tan of China's Nansha Qundao to carry out illegal oil and gas exploratory drilling, including listing the relevant blocks for bidding.
103. 进入21世纪以来，菲律宾扩大对外招标范围，大面积侵入中国南沙群岛有关海域。2003年，菲律宾将大片中国南沙群岛相关海域划为对外招标区块。2014年5月，菲律宾进行了第5轮油气招标，其中4个招标区块侵入中国南沙群岛相关海域。	103. Since 2000, the Philippines has expanded the areas for bidding, intruding into larger sea areas of China's Nansha Qundao. A large span of sea areas of China's Nansha Qundao was designated as bidding blocks by the Philippines in 2003. During the fifth "Philippine Energy Contracting Round" launched in May 2014, four of the bidding blocks on offer reached into relevant sea areas of China's Nansha Qundao.
104. 菲律宾还不断侵入中国南沙群岛有关海域，袭扰中国渔民和渔船正常生产作业。据不完全统计，1989年至2015年，在上述海域共发生菲律宾非法侵犯中国渔民生命和财产安全事件97件，其中枪击8件，抢劫34件，抓扣40件，追赶15件；共涉及中国渔船近200艘，渔民上千人。菲律宾还野蛮、粗暴对待中国渔民，施以非人道待遇。	104. The Philippines has repeatedly intruded into relevant waters of China's Nansha Qundao, harassing and attacking Chinese fishermen and fishing boats conducting routine fishing operations. Currently available statistics show that from 1989 to 2015, 97 incidents occurred in which the Philippines infringed upon the safety, life and property of Chinese fishermen: 8 involving shooting, 34 assault and robbery, 40 capture and detention, and 15 chasing. These incidents brought adverse consequences to close to 200 Chinese fishing vessels and over 1,000 Chinese fishermen. In addition, the Philippines treated Chinese fishermen in a violent, cruel and inhumane manner.
105. 菲律宾武装人员经常无视中国渔民的生命安全，滥用武力。例如，2006年4月27日，菲律宾武装渔船侵入中国南沙群岛南方浅滩海域，袭击中国“琼琼海03012”号渔船，菲方一艘武装小艇及4名持枪人员向中国渔船靠近，并直接向渔船驾驶台连续开枪射击，造成陈奕超等4名渔民当场死亡、2人重伤、1人轻伤。随后，13名持枪人员强行登上渔船进行抢劫，劫走船上卫星导航、通讯设备、生产工具、渔获等。	105. Philippine armed personnel often use excessive force against Chinese fishermen in utter disregard of the safety of their lives. For example, on 27 April 2006, one armed Philippine fishing vessel intruded into Nanfang Qiantan of China's Nansha Qundao and attacked Chinese fishing boat Qiongqionghai 03012. One Philippine armed motor boat carrying four gunmen approached that Chinese fishing boat. Immediately these gunmen fired several rounds of bullets at the driving panel, killing Chen Yichao and three other Chinese fishermen on the spot, severely wounding two others and causing minor injuries to another. Subsequently a total of 13 gunmen forced their way onboard the Chinese fishing boat and seized satellite navigation and communication equipment, fishing equipment and harvests and other items.
106. 菲律宾一再采取各种海上侵权行动，企图扩大其在南海的非法主张，严重侵犯中国在南海的主权及相关权益。菲律宾的侵权行为严重违背了其在《宣言》中关于保持自我克制，不采取使争议复杂化、扩大化行动的承诺。菲律宾枪击、抢劫中国渔船和渔民，非法抓扣中国渔民并施以非人道待遇，严重侵犯中国渔民的人身和财产安全以及人格尊严，公然践踏基本人权。	106. The Philippines has repeatedly infringed China's maritime rights and interests in an attempt to expand and entrench its illegal claims in the South China Sea. These actions have grossly violated China's sovereignty and rights and interests in the South China Sea. By doing so, the Philippines has seriously violated its own commitment made under the DOC to exercise self-restraint in the conduct of activities that would complicate or escalate disputes. By firing upon Chinese fishing boats and fishermen, illegally seizing and detaining Chinese fishermen, giving them inhumane treatment and robbing them of their property, the Philippines has gravely infringed upon the personal and property safety and the dignity of Chinese fishermen and blatantly trampled on their basic human rights.
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