《中国的亚太安全合作政策》白皮书
White Paper: China's Policies on Asia-Pacific Security Cooperation

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三、中国与地区其他主要国家的关系	III. China's Relations with Other Major Asia-Pacific Countries
（一）中美关系。2015年以来，中美关系总体保持稳定并取得新的进展。两国高层和各级别交往密切。2015年9月，习近平主席应美国总统奥巴马邀请对美国进行国事访问，并于11月出席联合国气候变化巴黎大会期间会见奥巴马总统。2016年3月底，习近平主席与奥巴马总统在华盛顿核安全峰会期间成功举行会晤。9月，二十国集团领导人杭州峰会期间，中美元首再次举行会晤，决定继续共同致力于构建中美新型大国关系。李克强总理在纽约出席联大系列高级别会议期间会见美国总统奥巴马。2016年6月，第八轮中美战略与经济对话、第七轮中美人文交流高层磋商和第二轮中美打击网络犯罪及相关事项高级别会议在北京成功举行，取得丰硕成果。两国各领域务实合作稳步推进，就气候变化、朝核、伊朗核、叙利亚、阿富汗等重大国际地区和全球性问题保持密切沟通与协调。	1. China-US Relations Since 2015 the overall relationship between China and the United States has remained stable and even made new progress. The two countries have maintained close contacts at the leadership and other levels. President Xi Jinping paid a state visit to the US at the invitation of President Barack Obama in September 2015, and met him again during the UN Climate Change Conference in Paris in November of the same year. In late March 2016 the two presidents had a successful meeting during the Nuclear Security Summit in Washington. In September they met again during the G20 Hangzhou Summit, and committed themselves to building a new model of a major-country relationship. Premier Li Keqiang met President Obama when attending high-level meetings of the 71st Session of the UN General Assembly. In June the same year the Eighth Round of the China-US Strategic and Economic Dialogue, the Seventh China-US High-Level Consultation on People-to-People Exchanges, and the Second China-US High-Level Joint Dialogue on Cybercrime and Related Issues were held in Beijing, and achieved fruitful results. In addition, the two countries have made steady progress in practical cooperation in various fields, and maintained close communication and coordination on major regional and global issues like climate change, the Korean and Iranian nuclear issues, Syria, and Afghanistan.
两国继续通过各层级双边交往及相关机制就亚太地区事务保持沟通与协调，同意努力构建双方在亚太积极互动、包容合作的关系。双方在亚太经合组织、东亚峰会、东盟地区论坛等多边框架下，就应对气候变化、反恐、海洋环境保护、打击野生动植物走私、防灾减灾等地区及全球性事务保持沟通与合作。双方在阿富汗、东帝汶等国开展的人员、农业培训三方合作项目进展顺利。	The two countries have maintained communication and coordination in the field of Asia-Pacific affairs through bilateral exchanges and relevant mechanisms at all levels, and agreed to build a bilateral relationship of positive interaction and inclusive cooperation in the region. The two countries have stayed in a state of communication and cooperation on regional and global affairs, including climate change, counter-terrorism, marine environmental protection, combating wild life smuggling, and disaster prevention and reduction within multilateral frameworks such as APEC, East Asia Summit (EAS), and ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF). Moreover, the two sides have smoothly carried out trilateral personnel and agriculture training cooperation projects in Afghanistan and Timor-Leste.
两军关系总体保持稳定发展势头。2015年以来，中美两军继续深化“重大军事行动相互通报机制”和“海空相遇安全行为准则”两大互信机制建设。2015年，两军分别在两国举行人道主义救灾联合研讨交流和实兵演练，并共同参加“可汗探索－2015”多国维和军演、“科瓦里－2015”中美澳陆军技能演练等多边演练。2016年1月，中美国防部工作会晤在北京举行。5月，中央军委联合参谋部参谋长同美军参联会主席举行视频通话。6月底至8月初，我海军153编队赴美夏威夷参加“环太平洋－2016”联合军演。7月和8月，美国海军作战部长和陆军参谋长分别访华。	China-US military relations have generally maintained a momentum of steady progress. Since 2015 the two militaries have continued to improve their two mutual-confidence-building mechanisms: the Mutual Notification of Major Military Activities and the Rules of Behavior for the Safety of Air and Maritime Encounters. In 2015 they held their Joint Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster-Relief Field Exercise and Disaster Management Exchanges in China and the US, respectively, and participated in Khaan Quest 2015 multinational peacekeeping military exercise and Exercise Kowari, a China-US-Australia trilateral military exercise. In January 2016 a working meeting of officials from the two ministries of defence was held in Beijing, and in May a video conference was held between the Chinese Chief of the Department of the Joint Chiefs of Staff of the Central Military Commission and the US Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. From late June to early August 2016, Chinese Navy Fleet 153 participated in RIMPAC 2016, a joint military exercise in Hawaii. In July and August the same year, the US Chief of Naval Operations and Chief of Staff of the Army each made a visit to China.
中方愿继续推动中美关系持续健康稳定发展，并期待与美新一届政府共同努力，秉持不冲突不对抗、相互尊重、合作共赢的原则，拓展两国在双边、地区、全球层面各领域合作，以建设性方式管控分歧，推动中美关系在新的起点上取得更大进展，更好造福两国人民和各国人民。	China is willing to promote the sustainable, sound and stable advance of bilateral relations, and work with the new US administration to follow the principles of no conflict, no confrontation, mutual respect and mutually beneficial cooperation, increase cooperation in bilateral, regional and global affairs, manage and control divergences in a constructive way, and further bilateral relations from a new starting point, so as to bring benefits to the two peoples and other peoples around the world.
（二）中俄关系。中国和俄罗斯互为最大邻国，互为战略协作伙伴和外交优先方向。多年来，在双方共同努力下，中俄关系健康稳定快速发展，不断取得新成果。两国2001年签署《中俄睦邻友好合作条约》，以法律的形式确立了世代友好的理念。2011年两国关系提升为平等信任、相互支持、共同繁荣、世代友好的全面战略协作伙伴关系，2014年中俄全面战略协作伙伴关系进入新阶段。	2. China-Russia Relations China and Russia are each other's biggest neighbor, and strategic partner of cooperation and priority in diplomacy. Over the years, China-Russia relations have gained healthy, stable and fast development, and made new achievements through joint efforts. In 2001 the two countries signed the Good-Neighborly Treaty of Friendship and Cooperation, which established the idea of a lasting friendship in legal form. In 2011 the bilateral relationship was upgraded to a comprehensive strategic partnership of coordination based on equality, mutual trust, mutual support, common prosperity and lasting friendship. In 2014 the China-Russia comprehensive strategic partnership of coordination entered a new stage.
当前，中俄全面战略协作伙伴关系在高水平上呈现更加积极的发展势头。习近平主席同俄罗斯总统普京多次会晤。2016年6月普京总统访华期间，两国元首共同签署并发表《中华人民共和国和俄罗斯联邦联合声明》《关于加强全球战略稳定的联合声明》《关于协作推进信息网络空间发展的联合声明》。两国元首在9月二十国集团领导人杭州峰会期间举行年内第三次会晤，商定加大在涉及彼此核心利益的问题上的相互坚定支持，大力弘扬《中俄睦邻友好合作条约》确立的世代友好理念，积极开展发展战略对接和“一带一路”建设与欧亚经济联盟建设对接合作，办好中俄媒体交流年活动，密切在国际和地区事务中的协调配合，为两国关系发展注入新的强劲动力。中俄在亚太事务中保持着良好合作。双方不断加强在地区多边框架内的合作，坚定维护《联合国宪章》的宗旨、原则和公认的国际关系准则，维护二战胜利成果和国际公平正义，推动地区热点问题政治解决进程，为促进地区和平稳定和发展繁荣贡献了正能量。	This partnership has presented a more positive momentum of development at a high level. President Xi Jinping and Russian President Vladimir Putin have met frequently. During the latter's visit to China in June 2016 the two sides signed three joint statements: the Joint Statement by the People's Republic of China and the Russian Federation, Joint Statement by the People's Republic of China and the Russian Federation on Strengthening Global Strategic Stability, and Joint Statement by the People's Republic of China and the Russian Federation on Cooperation in Information Cyberspace Development. In September that year the two heads of state met for the third time, during the G20 Hangzhou Summit, and agreed to increase their firm mutual support on issues concerning each other's core interests, energetically promote the idea of a lasting friendship established in the Good-Neighborly Treaty of Friendship and Cooperation, actively promote their development strategies and their efforts to promote the Belt and Road Initiative and Eurasian Economic Union, hold a Year of Media Exchange, and maintain close coordination and cooperation in international and regional affairs, so as to inject strong vigor into bilateral relations. China and Russia have maintained good cooperation in Asia-Pacific affairs. The two sides continue to strengthen their cooperation within regional multilateral frameworks, safeguard the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations and universally recognized norms governing international relations, uphold the achievements of World War II and international justice, advance the process of a political solution to regional hotspot issues, and contribute more positive energy to regional peace, stability, development and prosperity.
中俄两军关系进一步发展。2015年，两军共同庆祝世界反法西斯战争胜利70周年，互派高层和方队参加对方庆祝活动和庆典阅兵，首次一年内举行两次海上联合演习，中方参加俄主办的国际军事比赛全部项目，在俄成功举行首届“中国军事文化周”。2016年以来，两军继续保持良性互动，首次成功举行反导计算机模拟演习，中方赴俄、哈参加国际军事比赛。双方于9月举行中俄“海上联合－2016”军事演习。两军在上海合作组织防务安全合作框架内保持密切配合。	China-Russia military relations have made further progress. In 2015 the two militaries jointly commemorated the 70th anniversary of the victory of the World Anti-Fascist War, and sent high-ranking officers and teams to each other's commemoration activities and military parades. The two militaries successfully held joint maritime drills twice in a year for the first time. China participated in all events of the international military skill competition hosted by Russia, and the first Chinese Military Culture Week was held in Russia. In 2016 the two militaries maintained positive interaction. The First Joint Computer-Enabled Anti-Missile Defence Exercise was held. China participated in the international military games in Russia and Kazakhstan. In September China and Russia conducted the Maritime Joint Exercise 2016. The two militaries have also maintained close coordination within the defence and security cooperation framework of the SCO.
（三）中印（度）关系。2015年以来，中印面向和平与繁荣的战略合作伙伴关系进一步深化，双方确立了构建更加紧密发展伙伴关系的目标。两国各领域交流与合作不断推进，并在国际和地区问题上保持良好沟通和协调。	3. China-India Relations Since 2015 the China-India strategic and cooperative partnership for peace and prosperity has been further deepened. The two countries have set the goal of forging a closer development partnership, made new progress in exchanges and cooperation in various areas and stayed in close communication and coordination on regional and international issues.
两国高层互动频繁，政治互信进一步增强。2015年7月和2016年6月、9月、10月，习近平主席在乌法出席金砖国家领导人第七次会晤和出席上海合作组织塔什干峰会、二十国集团领导人杭州峰会、金砖国家领导人第八次会晤期间会见印度总理莫迪。2015年11月，李克强总理在马来西亚出席东亚合作领导人系列会议期间与莫迪总理会见。2016年5月和2015年5月，印度总统慕克吉和总理莫迪分别访华。两国各领域务实合作扎实推进，在国际事务中保持沟通和协调，在联合国、金砖国家、二十国集团和中俄印等机制中加强协调与配合，在气候变化、世贸组织多哈回合谈判、能源和粮食安全、国际金融货币体系改革和全球治理等领域携手合作，维护了中印两国和发展中国家的共同利益。	The two countries have held frequent exchanges of high-level visits, and enhanced political mutual trust. President Xi Jinping met Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi on the sidelines of the Seventh BRICS Summit in Ufa in July 2015, the 16th SCO Summit in Tashkent in June 2016, the G20 Hangzhou Summit in September 2016, and the Eighth BRICS Summit in October 2016. In November 2015 Premier Li Keqiang met Indian Prime Minister Modi during the leaders' meetings for East Asia cooperation in Malaysia. Indian President Pranab Mukherjee visited China in May 2016, and Prime Minister Narendra Modi visited China in May 2015. Practical cooperation between the two countries has made solid progress in various areas. The two countries have maintained communication and coordination on international affairs and enhanced collaboration in the UN, BRICS, G20, China-India-Russia and other mechanisms. They have cooperated on climate change, the WTO Doha Round of negotiations, energy and food security, reform of international financial and monetary institutions, and global governance. Such cooperation has helped safeguard the common interests of China, India and other developing countries.
中印两军关系总体健康、稳定发展，沟通交流日益密切，务实合作广度、深度增加，迄今已举行8届防务与安全磋商和6次陆军反恐联合训练，并在人员培训、专业交流等领域开展良好合作。双方还开展边防合作，为维护中印边境地区和平与安宁发挥了积极作用。两军高层于2015年和2016年互访，就加强两军务实合作、共同维护边境地区和平稳定达成重要共识。	The relations between the Chinese and Indian militaries remain healthy and stable in general, with increasingly close communication and exchanges, and pragmatic cooperation in greater breadth and depth. Eight rounds of defence and security consultation and six joint military anti-terrorism training exercises have been held so far. Sound cooperation in personnel training, professional exchanges and other fields is being carried out. The two sides have also conducted border defence cooperation, which plays a positive role in maintaining peace and tranquillity in the border areas between China and India. Military leaders of the two sides visited each other in 2015 and 2016, and reached an important consensus on strengthening pragmatic cooperation between the two militaries and working together to maintain peace and stability in the border areas.
（四）中日关系。2015年以来，中日关系总体延续2014年底形成的改善势头。习近平主席先后在亚太经合组织（APEC）领导人非正式会议和亚非领导人会议期间应约会见日本首相安倍晋三，出席中日友好交流大会并发表重要讲话。李克强总理在2015年中日韩领导人会议和2016年亚欧首脑会议期间，应约同安倍晋三首相举行会晤。2016年9月二十国集团领导人杭州峰会期间，习近平主席再次与安倍晋三首相举行会晤。双方有序恢复政府、议会、政党等不同层级接触，举行三轮高级别政治对话，稳步推进各领域交流合作。同时，中日关系仍存在不少复杂敏感因素。围绕日方在历史、涉海等问题上的消极动向，中方敦促日方切实遵守中日四个政治文件和四点原则共识，妥善管控分歧矛盾，避免给中日关系改善进程带来干扰。	4. China-Japan Relations Since 2015 China-Japan relations have maintained the momentum of improvement which started at the end of 2014. Upon invitation, President Xi Jinping met Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe on the margins of the APEC Economic Leaders' Meeting and the Asian-African Summit. He attended and gave an important speech at the China-Japan Friendship Exchange Meeting. Premier Li Keqiang met Prime Minister Abe during the China-Japan-ROK Trilateral Summit Meeting in 2015 and during the Asia-Europe Meeting in 2016. During the G20 Hangzhou Summit in September 2016 President Xi Jinping had another meeting with Prime Minister Abe. The two sides resumed contacts at government, parliament and party levels in an orderly way. Three rounds of high-level political dialogue were held and exchanges and cooperation in various areas were steadily pushed forward. However, complex and sensitive factors still remain in bilateral relations. In response to Japan's negative moves concerning historical and maritime territory issues, China urges Japan to abide by the four political documents and the four-point principled agreement on bilateral relations, properly manage and control disputes and conflicts, and avoid creating obstacles to the improvement of bilateral relations.
2014年年底以来，两国防务交流逐步恢复和发展。2015年11月，两国防长在东盟防长扩大会期间会晤。两国防务部门负责人在其他多边场合也多次会面。2016年，两国防务部门进行了事务级交流。此外，2015年以来，两国防务部门就建立海空联络机制举行两次专家组磋商，就机制大部分事项达成共识。	Since the end of 2014 defence exchanges between the two countries have gradually resumed and developed. In November 2015 the Chinese and Japanese defence ministers met during the ASEAN Defence Ministers' Meeting. The defence chiefs of the two countries have met several times on other multilateral occasions. In 2016 the defence ministries of the two countries conducted working-level exchanges. Since 2015, defence ministries of the two countries have held two expert panel consultations on the establishment of air and maritime contact mechanisms, with consensus reached on most matters.
（五）中国积极发展与亚太其他国家的友好合作关系，不断增进政治互信，加强经贸联系，密切人文交往，扩大防务交流合作，共同促进亚太地区和平稳定与繁荣发展。	5. China has continued developing friendly and cooperative relations with other countries in the Asia-Pacific region, with enhanced political mutual trust, strengthened economic and trade relations, closer people-to-people and cultural exchanges, and enlarged defence cooperation, so as to jointly promote peace, stability, development and prosperity in the Asia-Pacific region.
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