《中国的亚太安全合作政策》白皮书
White Paper: China's Policies on Asia-Pacific Security Cooperation

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五、中国参与亚太地区主要多边机制	V. China's Participation in Major Multilateral Mechanisms in the Asia-Pacific Region
（一）中国－东盟合作。中国始终将东盟作为周边外交优先方向，坚定支持东盟一体化，支持共同体建设，支持东盟在区域合作中的中心地位。双方秉持相互尊重、平等相待、睦邻友好、合作共赢的原则，不断加强战略对话，增进政治互信，深化经贸、互联互通、金融、安全、海上、社会人文等各领域务实合作，推动双方关系不断取得新进展。2013年习近平主席访问东南亚期间，指出中国愿与东盟国家携手建设更为紧密的中国－东盟命运共同体。	1. China-ASEAN Cooperation China regards ASEAN as a priority in its neighborhood diplomacy, and firmly supports ASEAN's integration and community building as well as its centrality in regional cooperation. Following the principles of mutual respect,equality,good-neighborliness and mutually beneficial cooperation, China and ASEAN have further strengthened strategic dialogue, enhanced political mutual trust, and deepened practical cooperation in economy and trade, connectivity, finance, security, maritime affairs, and cultural and people-to-people exchanges, making continuous progress in their relations. During his visit to Southeast Asia in 2013 President Xi Jinping announced that China wants to build a closer China-ASEAN community of shared future.
2015年，中国－东盟防长非正式会晤首次在华召开，双方还举行了电信、经贸、交通部长会议和总检察长会议。11月，中国与东盟签署《关于修订〈中国－东盟全面经济合作框架协议〉及项下部分协议的议定书》，标志中国－东盟自贸区升级谈判全面结束。	In 2015 the China-ASEAN Defence Ministers' Informal Meeting was held in China for the first time. The two sides also held the Telecommunication Ministers' Meeting, AEM-MOFCOM Consultations, Transport Ministers' Meeting, and Prosecutors-Generals' Conference. In November of the same year, the two sides signed the Protocol to Amend the Framework Agreement on Comprehensive Economic Cooperation and Certain Agreements Thereunder Between China and ASEAN, which marked the conclusion of the negotiations on an upgraded China-ASEAN Free Trade Area.
2016年是中国－东盟建立对话关系25周年和中国－东盟教育交流年。9月7日，第19次中国－东盟领导人会议暨中国－东盟建立对话关系25周年纪念峰会在老挝万象举行。李克强总理出席会议，同东盟国家领导人共同回顾中国－东盟对话关系发展成就，总结经验和启示，并为双方关系未来发展规划方向。双方还举行了外交、经贸、质检等部长会议。双方全年举办了一系列纪念活动,包括中国－东盟建立对话关系25周年纪念招待会、第九届中国－东盟教育交流周、第二届中国－东盟省市长对话、中国－东盟建立对话关系25周年研讨会和中国－东盟周等。	The year 2016 sees the 25th anniversary of the China-ASEAN Dialogue and the Year of China-ASEAN Educational Exchanges. On September 7 the 19th China-ASEAN Summit to Commemorate the 25th Anniversary of China-ASEAN Dialogue was held in Vientiane, Laos. Premier Li Keqiang attended and reviewed with ASEAN leaders the progress in bilateral relations, summarized experiences, and outlined the direction for future development. The two sides have also held meetings of their ministers of foreign affairs, economy and trade, quality management and inspection. A series of commemoration events have been hosted, including the Reception in Commemoration of the 25th Anniversary of China-ASEAN Dialogue Relations, Ninth China-ASEAN Education Cooperation Week, Second China-ASEAN Governors/Mayors Dialogue, International Conference to Celebrate the 25th Anniversary of China-ASEAN Dialogue Relations and China-ASEAN Week.
（二）东盟与中日韩（10+3）合作。东盟与中日韩（10+3）合作是东亚合作的主渠道。中方推动各方加大投入，落实好《第二东亚展望小组（EAVGⅡ）报告》和《2013－2017年10+3合作工作计划》。中方积极推动清迈倡议多边化（CMIM）进程，支持进一步加强CMIM的实用性和有效性，支持10+3宏观经济研究办公室（AMRO）升级为国际组织后继续加强能力建设，维护东亚经济和金融稳定。中方还推动《区域全面经济伙伴关系协定》（RCEP）货物贸易、服务贸易和投资的市场准入模式谈判取得积极进展，并推动各方发表《RCEP领导人联合声明》。	2. ASEAN Plus Three (APT) Cooperation ASEAN Plus Three (APT) cooperation is the main vehicle for East Asia cooperation. China has called upon all parties to increase their input in implementing the Report of the East Asia Vision Group II and ASEAN Plus Three Cooperation Work Plan 2013-2017, actively advanced the Chiang Mai Initiative Multilateralization (CMIM) process, and supported the greater readiness and effectiveness of the CMIM and the capacity building of the ASEAN+3 Macroeconomic Research Office after its upgrading to an international organization, so as to contribute to East Asia's economic and financial stability. China has also pushed forward the negotiations on trade in goods and services, and the model of access to investment markets under the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP), and encouraged other parties to issue the Joint Statement on RCEP Negotiations.
2016年9月7日，第19次东盟与中日韩（10+3）领导人会议在老挝万象举行。李克强总理就10+3合作提出六点建议：加强金融安全合作，深化贸易投资合作，推动农业和减贫合作，促进互联互通建设，创新产业合作模式，增进社会人文交流。	On September 7, 2016 the 19th ASEAN Plus Three Summit was held in Vientiane, Laos, during which Premier Li Keqiang made six proposals on enhancing APT cooperation: to reinforce financial security cooperation, to expand trade and investment cooperation, to promote agricultural and poverty reduction cooperation, to increase the level of connectivity, to create new models for industrial cooperation, and to expand cultural and people-to-people exchanges.
2015年以来，中方积极推动10+3框架下的务实合作，举办了第七届东亚商务论坛、“了解中国”项目、第九届和第十届文化人力资源开发合作研讨班、东亚投资高层论坛、第六届粮食安全合作战略圆桌会议、第二届东亚现代农业研修班、青年科学家交流活动、百名高级汉语人才重返中国项目、第四届10+3互联互通伙伴关系国际研讨会、第三期和第四期10+3村官交流项目和第14届亚洲艺术节。	Since 2015 China has vigorously promoted practical cooperation within the APT framework, and held a series of events, including the Seventh East Asia Business Forum, Training Program on Understanding China, Ninth and Tenth Workshops on Cooperation for Cultural Human Resource Development, East Asia High-Level Investment Forum, Sixth Roundtable Meeting on Food Security, Second East Asia Modern Agricultural Workshop, exchange activities for young scientists, "Return to China" Project Cultural Event Series, Fourth International Workshop on ASEAN Plus Three Connectivity Partnership, Third and Fourth ASEAN Plus Three Village Leaders Exchange Programs, and 14th Asian Arts Festival.
（三）中日韩合作。中日韩是东亚重要国家，是引领东亚经济一体化的主要力量，加强三国合作有利于三国自身发展，也有利于促进本地区稳定与繁荣。	3. China-Japan-ROK Cooperation As major countries in East Asia, China, Japan and the ROK are the main drivers of East Asia economic integration. Stronger trilateral cooperation will be conducive not only to the development of the three countries, but also to regional stability and prosperity.
2015年，随着中日、韩日双边关系的改善，中日韩合作迎来新的上升期，各领域务实合作全面推进。11月1日，第六次中日韩领导人会议在韩国首尔举行。三国领导人就三国合作和共同关心的国际和地区问题深入交换了意见，重申了对三国合作的高度重视，一致同意本着“正视历史、面向未来”的精神，妥善处理有关问题，深化在政治、经贸财金、可持续发展、人文等领域合作。会议发表《关于东北亚和平与合作的联合宣言》及农业、教育、经贸等领域的联合声明，进一步丰富了三国合作内涵，为三国合作发展指明了方向。	In 2015 China-Japan and ROK-Japan relations improved to some extent, ushering in a new phase of greater practical cooperation among the three countries in various fields. The Sixth China-Japan-ROK Summit was held on November 1 in Seoul, the Republic of Korea, where leaders of the three countries had an in-depth exchange of views on trilateral cooperation and international and regional issues of common interest, reiterated the importance they placed on trilateral cooperation, and agreed to properly handle relevant issues in the spirit of "facing history squarely and working together for the future," enhancing cooperation in political, economic, trade, fiscal, financial and cultural fields as well as on sustainable development. The meeting issued the Joint Declaration for Peace and Cooperation in Northeast Asia and other joint statements in agricultural, educational, and economic and trade sectors, which further enriched the trilateral cooperation and charted a course for future cooperation.
2015年以来，三国还举办了中日韩外交、旅游、水资源、环境、财政、经贸、农业、文化、卫生部长会议，灾害管理部长级会议，央行行长、人事部门首长会议，三方警务工作会晤、反恐磋商、林业司局长会晤、大学交流合作促进委员会会议、东北亚名人会、灾害管理桌面演练、海洋科学研讨会和中日韩合作国际论坛等活动，并举行了多轮中日韩自贸协定谈判。	Since 2015 a number of meetings, forums and events among China, Japan and the ROK have been held, including the Ministerial Meetings on Foreign Affairs, Tourism, Water Resource, Environment, Finance, Economic and Trade, Agriculture, Culture, Health and Disaster Management, Central Bank Governors' Meeting, Meeting of Heads of Personnel Authorities, Trilateral Police Affairs Consultation and Counter-Terrorism Consultation, Director Generals' Meeting on Forestry Cooperation, Meeting of the Committee for Promoting Exchanges and Cooperation Among Universities, Northeast Asia Trilateral Forum, Tabletop Exercise on Disaster Management, Workshop on Marine Sciences and International Forum for Trilateral Cooperation, and several rounds of negotiations for a Free Trade Area.
（四）东亚峰会。东亚峰会是“领导人引领的战略论坛”。2015年以来，东亚峰会合作进展显著。在中方推动下，第五届东亚峰会外长会决定将《落实〈金边发展宣言〉行动计划》执行期限延长至2017年。	4. East Asia Summit (EAS) The East Asia Summit (EAS) is a leaders-led strategic forum. Remarkable progress has been made in EAS cooperation since 2015. Called for by China, the Fifth EAS Foreign Ministers' Meeting decided to extend the deadline of implementing the Plan of Action to Implement the Phnom Penh Declaration on the EAS Development Initiative to 2017.
2016年9月8日，第11届东亚峰会在老挝万象举行。李克强总理出席会议并指出，经济发展合作与政治安全合作是驱动东亚峰会的两个“轮子”，应该相互促进、同步前进。在经济发展方面，要大力支持地区互联互通，加快推进自贸区建设，加强社会民生领域合作。在政治安全方面，要倡导共同、综合、合作、可持续的新安全观，加强非传统安全合作，探讨区域安全架构建设，妥善处理热点敏感问题。	At the 11th EAS held in Vientiane, Laos, on September 8, 2016, Premier Li Keqiang pointed out that cooperation in economic development and cooperation in political security were the two engines propelling the EAS, which should coordinate and synchronize with each other. On economic development, all parties should render strong support to regional connectivity, step up construction of free trade areas, and strengthen cooperation in social undertakings and people's livelihood. On political security, China advocates the new security concept featuring common, comprehensive, cooperative and sustainable security, and supports all parties to strengthen cooperation on non-traditional security, discuss the building of a regional security framework, and properly settle hotspot and sensitive issues.
中方积极推动东亚峰会各领域合作。2015年以来，中方主办了东亚峰会第二届新能源论坛、第二届清洁能源论坛、野生动物保护研讨会、印太海洋安全合作二轨研讨会、第五届区域安全架构研讨会以及第四次和第五次东亚峰会地震应急演练等合作项目。	China actively promotes cooperation in various areas of the EAS. Since 2015 China has hosted the Second EAS New Energy Forum, Second EAS Clean Energy Forum, EAS Wildlife Protection Symposium, EAS Track II Seminar on Maritime Cooperation for Security in the Indian and Pacific Oceans, Fifth EAS Workshop on Regional Security Framework, and the Fourth and Fifth EAS Earthquake Search and Rescue Exercises.
（五）东盟地区论坛。东盟地区论坛是亚太地区具有重要影响力和较强包容性的官方多边安全对话与合作平台。各方坚持以建立信任措施为核心，在共识基础上稳步推动预防性外交进程，积极推动非传统安全合作不断走实。	5. ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF) The ARF has become an influential and inclusive platform for official multilateral security dialogue and cooperation in the Asia-Pacific region. All parties have been making confidence-building measures as their core mission, promoting preventive diplomacy based on consensus, and steadily enhancing cooperation in non-traditional security fields.
2016年7月26日，第23届东盟地区论坛外长会在老挝万象举行。中方指出，各方应将建立信任措施贯穿于论坛进程始终，在共识基础上循序渐进探索符合地区实际的预防性外交模式。同时，应加强对话合作，增进地区国家间理解与互信，共同应对非传统安全威胁等挑战，推动论坛为促进地区和平安全作出更大贡献。	On July 26, 2016 the 23rd ARF Ministerial Meeting was held in Vientiane, Laos. The Chinese side pointed out that the forum should focus on confidence-building measures throughout the whole process, and explore a preventive diplomacy mode compatible with the regional situation step by step on the basis of consensus. All sides should further strengthen dialogue and cooperation, enhance understanding and mutual trust among regional countries, work together to cope with non-traditional security threats and other challenges, and enable the forum to make greater contributions to regional peace and security.
中方积极引领论坛框架下的务实合作。2015年以来，中方主办了网络安全能力建设研讨会、第三届外空安全研讨会、海上风险管控与安全合作研讨会、海上溢油应急管理与处置合作研讨会、打击犯罪分子跨境流动研讨会、绿色航运研讨会和城市应急救援研讨班等合作项目。	China has actively led practical cooperation within the framework of the ARF. Since 2015 it has hosted the Workshop on Cyber Security Capacity Building, Third ARF Workshop on Space Security, ARF Seminar on Maritime Risk Management and Cooperation, ARF Workshop on Marine Oil Spill Emergency Response and Management and Disposal Cooperation, ARF Workshop on Strengthening Management of Cross-Border Movement of Criminals, ARF Workshop on Green Shipping, and ARF Workshop on Urban Emergency Rescue.
（六）东盟防长扩大会。东盟防长扩大会是亚太地区级别最高、规模最大的防务安全对话与合作机制，对增进各成员国防务部门和军队间互信、促进务实合作发挥了重要作用。	6. ASEAN Defence Ministers' Meeting Plus (ADMM-Plus) The ADMM-Plus is the highest-level and largest defence and security dialogue and cooperation mechanism in the Asia-Pacific region. It has played a vital role in enhancing mutual trust and promoting pragmatic cooperation among the defence ministries and armed forces of all parties.
2015年11月4日，第三届东盟防长扩大会在马来西亚吉隆坡举行。中方指出，各方应推动建设开放、包容、透明、平等的地区安全合作架构，不断深化防务领域务实合作，妥善处理争议、管控风险，共同维护地区和平稳定。	On November 4, 2015, at the Third ADMM-Plus held in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, the Chinese side pointed out that all parties should push for the building of an open, inclusive, transparent and even-handed regional security cooperation framework, keep deepening pragmatic defence cooperation, properly handle disputes, manage and control risks, and jointly safeguard regional peace and stability.
2016年以来，中国军队在该机制框架下先后参加了在印度举行的维和与扫雷行动联合演练、在文莱和新加坡举行的海上安全与反恐联合演练。2017年至2020年，中国与泰国将担任反恐专家组共同主席国。	In 2016 the Chinese military has participated in the ADMM-Plus peacekeeping and demining joint exercise in India and the maritime security and counter-terrorism exercises in Brunei and Singapore. From 2017 to 2020 China and Thailand will co-chair the ADMM-Plus Experts' Working Group on Counter-terrorism.
（七）澜沧江－湄公河合作。建立澜湄合作机制是李克强总理在2014年11月第17次中国－东盟领导人会议上提出的重要倡议，旨在通过务实合作，进一步深化澜湄六国睦邻友好，促进次区域国家经济社会发展，打造团结互助、平等协商、互惠互利、合作共赢的澜湄国家命运共同体。该机制成员包括中国、柬埔寨、老挝、缅甸、泰国、越南六国。	7. Lancang-Mekong Cooperation (LMC) The establishment of the Lancang-Mekong Cooperation (LMC) framework was an important initiative put forward by Premier Li Keqiang at the 17th China-ASEAN Summit in November 2014. This initiative aims to enhance good-neighborliness and friendship among the six countries along the Lancang-Mekong River through pragmatic cooperation, promote sub-regional economic and social development, and forge a community of shared future for solidarity, mutual assistance, even-handed consultation, shared benefits and mutually beneficial cooperation in the sub-region. The LMC framework has China, Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand and Vietnam as its members.
澜湄合作取得积极进展，截至2016年11月已举办一次领导人会议、一次外长会和三次高官会。2015年11月，首次外长会在云南景洪成功举行。六国外长共同宣布启动澜湄合作进程，并就澜湄合作未来发展方向和机制架构等达成广泛共识，提出了一批合作项目建议。	The LMC has registered encouraging progress. One leaders' meeting, one foreign ministers' meeting and three senior officials' meetings have been held by November 2016. In November 2015 the First LMC Foreign Ministers' Meeting was held in Jinghong, in China's Yunnan Province, at which the foreign ministers of the six countries announced the start of the LMC process, reached broad consensus on the direction of future cooperation and the structure of the LMC, and put forward proposals for a number of cooperation projects.
2016年3月23日，澜湄合作首次领导人会议在海南三亚举行，澜湄合作机制正式启航。六国领导人共同回顾了澜湄合作进展并展望未来方向，一致同意对接发展战略，统筹合作资源，共享发展成果，共建澜湄国家命运共同体。会议确认了“3+5”合作框架，即坚持政治安全、经济和可持续发展、社会人文三大合作支柱，确定互联互通、产能、跨境经济、水资源、农业减贫五个优先方向。会议发表了《澜湄合作首次领导人会议三亚宣言》《澜湄国家产能合作联合声明》，通过早期收获项目联合清单，涉及互联互通、水资源、卫生、减贫等多个领域。	On March 23, 2016 the First LMC Leaders' Meeting was held in Sanya, in China's Hainan Province, officially launching the LMC framework. Leaders of the six countries reviewed past progress, shared their vision for the future of the LMC, and agreed to coordinate their strategies for development, make overall planning of their cooperation resources, share the benefits of development, and build a community of shared future among the Lancang-Mekong countries. The meeting confirmed the "3+5" mechanism of cooperation: the three cooperation pillars of political and security issues, economic and sustainable development, and cultural and people-to-people exchanges; and the five key priority areas of connectivity, production capacity, cross-border economic cooperation, water resources, and agriculture and poverty reduction. The meeting issued the Sanya Declaration of the First Lancang-Mekong Cooperation Leaders' Meeting and the Joint Statement on Production Capacity Cooperation Among the Lancang-Mekong Countries, and adopted a joint list of early-harvest programs in areas such as connectivity, water resources, public health and poverty reduction.
（八）上海合作组织。2015年以来，上合组织保持健康稳定发展势头，政治、安全、经济、人文等领域合作不断取得新成果，国际地位和影响力持续上升。	8. Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) Since 2015 the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) has maintained sound and steady development. Progress has been made in political, security, economic and cultural cooperation, leading to the firmer international standing and greater influence of the SCO.
2015年7月9日至10日，上合组织成员国元首理事会第15次会议在俄罗斯乌法举行，习近平主席出席会议。成员国元首签署《上海合作组织成员国元首乌法宣言》《上海合作组织成员国边防合作协定》，批准《上海合作组织至2025年发展战略》《上海合作组织成员国打击恐怖主义、分裂主义和极端主义2016年至2018年合作纲要》等重要文件。	President Xi Jinping attended the 15th Meeting of the Council of the Heads of State of the SCO member states on July 9-10, 2015 in Ufa, Russia, where they signed the Ufa Declaration of the Heads of State of SCO Member States and the SCO Member States Agreement on Border Defence Cooperation, and approved important documents including the Shanghai Cooperation Organization's Development Strategy until 2025 and the SCO Member States 2016-2018 Cooperation Program on Combating Terrorism, Separatism and Extremism.
2015年12月14日至15日，中方主办上合组织成员国政府首脑（总理）理事会第14次会议，李克强总理主持。会议对下一阶段各领域务实合作发展作出规划，发表《上海合作组织成员国政府首脑（总理）关于区域经济合作的声明》，批准《关于成立上合组织开发银行和发展基金（专门账户）下一步工作》等决议，见证签署《2016－2021年上合组织成员国海关合作纲要》《上合组织秘书处与联合国亚太经社会秘书处之间的谅解备忘录》。	Premier Li Keqiang chaired the 14th Meeting of the Council of the Heads of Government (Prime Ministers) of the SCO member states held in China on December 14-15, 2015. The leaders at the meeting laid out plans for cooperation in various fields for the next stage, issued the Statement of the Heads of Govemment (Prime Ministers) of SCO Member States on Regional Economic Cooperation, adopted the resolution on Preparation for Creating the SCO Development Bank and the SCO Development Foundation (Specialized Account), and witnessed the signing of the Program of Interaction Between the Customs Agencies of the SCO member states for 2016-2021 and the Memorandum of Understanding between the Secretariat of the SCO and the Secretariat of the UN Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific.
2016年6月23日至24日，上合组织成员国元首理事会第16次会议在乌兹别克斯坦塔什干举行，习近平主席出席会议。成员国元首签署《上合组织成立十五周年塔什干宣言》，批准《〈至2025年发展战略〉2016－2020年落实行动计划》，批准签署关于印度、巴基斯坦加入上合组织义务的备忘录。	On June 23-24, 2016 the 16th Meeting of the Council of the Heads of State of the SCO member states was held in Tashkent, Uzbekistan. President Xi Jinping attended the meeting. The heads of the member states signed the Tashkent Declaration on the 15th Anniversary of the SCO, approved the Action Plan for 2016-2020 on Implementation of the SCO Development Strategy Towards 2025, and adopted the Memorandums of the Obligations on the Entry of the Republic of India and the Islamic Republic of Pakistan to the SCO.
2015年以来，安全会议秘书以及外交、国防、经贸、文化、紧急救灾等各部门负责人会议机制化举行，进一步深化和拓展了各领域合作，扩大了国际影响。中国积极推动并参与上合组织各领域合作，与其他成员国、观察员国和对话伙伴的双边关系持续发展。	Since 2015 meetings of heads of various departments including security council secretaries, foreign ministers, defence ministers, economic and trade ministers, culture ministers and heads of emergency response agencies have been held. These meetings deepened and expanded cooperation in various fields, and increased the SCO's international influence. China has promoted and participated in SCO cooperation across the board. China's bilateral relations with other SCO member states, observer states and dialogue partners have continued to grow.
（九）亚洲相互协作与信任措施会议。2016年4月27日至28日，亚信第五次外长会议在北京举行。习近平主席出席开幕式并发表重要讲话。会议发表《关于通过对话促进亚洲和平、安全、稳定和可持续发展的宣言》，通过《亚信成员国2016－2018年禁毒合作行动计划》和《亚信成员国2016－2018年落实中小企业发展领域信任措施行动计划》。	9. Conference on Interaction and Confidence-Building Measures in Asia (CICA) On April 27-28, 2016 the Fifth Meeting of the Ministers of Foreign Affairs of the CICA member states was held in Beijing. President Xi Jinping attended the opening ceremony and delivered an important speech. The meeting issued the Declaration on Promoting Peace, Security, Stability and Sustainable Development in Asia Through Dialogue and adopted the 2016-2018 Cooperation Initiative of the CICA Member States for Drug Control and the 2016-2018 CICA Initiative for the Implementation of Confidence-Building Measures for the Development of Small and Medium Enterprises.
中国积极落实亚信各领域信任措施，创新亚信合作平台。2015年以来，中国举办亚信青年委员会成立大会、亚信实业家委员会成立大会、首届亚信非政府论坛年会以及第三届亚信智库圆桌会议，促进落实人文、经济领域信任措施，推动成员国青年、民间组织和智库间的对话交流。	China has actively implemented the confidence-building measures of CICA in all fields and made innovative efforts in the cooperation platform of CICA. Since 2015 China has hosted the founding conference of the CICA Youth Council, founding assembly of CICA Business Council, First CICA Non-Governmental Forum and Third Think Tank Roundtable, which have helped to implement the confidence-building measures in cultural and economic fields, and promoted dialogue and exchange among young people, NGOs and think tanks.
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