网络空间国际合作战略（全文）
Full Text: International Strategy of Cooperation on Cyberspace
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| 第二章 基本原则 | Chapter II. Basic Principles |
| 中国始终是世界和平的建设者、全球发展的贡献者、国际秩序的维护者。中国坚定不移走和平发展道路，坚持正确义利观，推动建立合作共赢的新型国际关系。中国网络空间国际合作战略以和平发展为主题，以合作共赢为核心，倡导和平、主权、共治、普惠作为网络空间国际交流与合作的基本原则。 | China has been a force for world peace, a contributor to global development and a defender of international order. It steadfastly pursues a path of peaceful development, works to uphold justice and friendship and pursue shared interests, and calls for a new type of international relations featuring win-win cooperation. With the theme focusing on peaceful development and the core message for win-win cooperation, International Strategy of Cooperation on Cyberspace advocates the principles of peace, sovereignty, shared governance and shared benefits in international exchange and cooperation in cyberspace. |
| 一、和平原则 | 1. The Principle of Peace |
| 网络空间互联互通，各国利益交融不断深化，一个安全稳定繁荣的网络空间，对各国乃至世界都具有重大意义。 | In the interconnected cyberspace, countries are bound together by intertwined interests. A secure, stable and prosperous cyberspace is of great significance to all countries and the world. |
| 国际社会要切实遵守《联合国宪章》宗旨与原则，特别是不使用或威胁使用武力、和平解决争端的原则，确保网络空间的和平与安全。各国应共同反对利用信息通信技术实施敌对行动和侵略行径，防止网络军备竞赛，防范网络空间冲突，坚持以和平方式解决网络空间的争端。应摒弃冷战思维、零和博弈和双重标准，在充分尊重别国安全的基础上，以合作谋和平，致力于在共同安全中实现自身安全。 | The international community should observe the purposes and principles enshrined in the UN Charter in real earnest, particularly non-use of force and peaceful settlement of disputes, in order to ensure peace and security in cyberspace. All countries must oppose ICT-backed acts of hostility and aggression, prevent arms race and conflicts in cyberspace and settle disputes through peaceful means. Countries should reject the Cold War mentality, zero-sum game and double standards, uphold peace through cooperation and seek one's own security through common security on the basis of full respect for other countries' security. |
| 网络恐怖主义是影响国际和平与安全的新威胁。国际社会要采取切实措施，预防并合作打击网络恐怖主义活动。防范恐怖分子利用网络宣传恐怖极端思想，策划和实施恐怖主义活动。 | Cyber terrorism poses a new threat to international peace and security. The international community should take pragmatic measures to prevent and fight against cyber terrorist activities. Efforts should be made to prevent terrorists from using the Internet to spread extremist ideology, or plan and orchestrate cyber terrorist activities. |
| 二、主权原则 | 2. The Principle of Sovereignty |
| 《联合国宪章》确立的主权平等原则是当代国际关系的基本准则，覆盖国与国交往各个领域，也应该适用于网络空间。国家间应该相互尊重自主选择网络发展道路、网络管理模式、互联网公共政策和平等参与国际网络空间治理的权利，不搞网络霸权，不干涉他国内政，不从事、纵容或支持危害他国国家安全的网络活动。 | As a basic norm in contemporary international relations, the principle of sovereignty enshrined in the UN Charter covers all aspects of state-to-state relations, which also includes cyberspace. Countries should respect each other's right to choose their own path of cyber development, model of cyber regulation and Internet public policies, and participate in international cyberspace governance on an equal footing. No country should pursue cyber hegemony, interfere in other countries' internal affairs, or engage in, condone or support cyber activities that undermine other countries' national security. |
| 明确网络空间的主权，既能体现各国政府依法管理网络空间的责任和权利，也有助于推动各国构建政府、企业和社会团体之间良性互动的平台，为信息技术的发展以及国际交流与合作营造一个健康的生态环境。 | Upholding sovereignty in cyberspace not only reflects governments' responsibility and right to administer cyberspace in accordance with law, but also enables countries to build platforms for sound interactions among governments, businesses and social groups. This will foster a healthy environment for the advancement of information technology and international exchange and cooperation. |
| 各国政府有权依法管网，对本国境内信息通信基础设施和资源、信息通信活动拥有管辖权，有权保护本国信息系统和信息资源免受威胁、干扰、攻击和破坏，保障公民在网络空间的合法权益。各国政府有权制定本国互联网公共政策和法律法规，不受任何外来干预。各国在根据主权平等原则行使自身权利的同时，也需履行相应的义务。各国不得利用信息通信技术干涉别国内政，不得利用自身优势损害别国信息通信技术产品和服务供应链安全。 | National governments are entitled to administer cyberspace in accordance with law. They exercise jurisdiction over ICT infrastructure, resources and activities within their territories, and are entitled to protect their ICT systems and resources from threat, disruption, attack and destruction so as to safeguard citizens' legitimate rights and interests in cyberspace. National governments are entitled to enact public policies, laws and regulations with no foreign interference. Countries should exercise their rights based on the principle of sovereign equality and also perform their due duties. No country should use ICT to interfere in other countries' internal affairs or leverage its advantage to undermine the security of other countries' ICT product and service supply chain. |
| 三、共治原则 | 3. The Principle of Shared Governance |
| 网络空间是人类共同的活动空间，需要世界各国共同建设，共同治理。网络空间国际治理，首先应坚持多边参与。国家不分大小、强弱、贫富，都是国际社会平等成员，都有权通过国际网络治理机制和平台，平等参与网络空间的国际秩序与规则建设，确保网络空间的未来发展由各国人民共同掌握。 | Cyberspace is the common space of activities for mankind, hence needs to be built and managed by all countries. International cyberspace governance should follow a multilateral approach. Countries, big or small, strong or weak, rich or poor, are all equal members of the international community entitled to equal participation in developing international order and rules in cyberspace through international governance mechanisms and platforms, to ensure that the future development of cyberspace is in the hands of all peoples. |
| 其次，应坚持多方参与。应发挥政府、国际组织、互联网企业、技术社群、民间机构、公民个人等各主体作用，构建全方位、多层面的治理平台。各国应加强沟通交流，完善网络空间对话协商机制，共同制定网络空间国际规则。联合国作为重要渠道，应充分发挥统筹作用，协调各方立场，凝聚国际共识。其他国际机制和平台也应发挥各自优势，提供有益补充。国际社会应共同管理和公平分配互联网基础资源，建立多边、民主、透明的全球互联网治理体系，实现互联网资源共享、责任共担、合作共治。 | Second, international cyberspace governance should feature multi-party participation. All parties, including governments, international organizations, Internet companies, technology communities, non-governmental institutions and individual citizens, should play their respective roles in building an all-dimensional and multi-tiered governance platform. Countries should enhance communication, improve cyberspace-related dialogue and consultation mechanisms and jointly develop international cyber rules. The United Nations, as an important channel, should play a leading role in coordinating positions of various parties and building international consensus. Other international mechanisms and platforms should also give play to their respective advantages to complement relevant efforts. The international community needs to work together to manage jointly and distribute equitably basic Internet resources and put in place a multilateral, democratic and transparent global governance system, so that the Internet will be a place of open resources and shared responsibilities governed through cooperation. |
| 四、普惠原则 | 4. The Principle of Shared Benefits |
| 互联网与各行业的融合发展，对各国经济结构、社会形态和创新体系产生着全局性、革命性影响，为世界经济增长和实现可持续发展目标提供了强劲动力。促进互联网效益普遍惠及各地区和国家，将为2030年可持续发展议程的有效落实提供助力。 | Integrated development of the Internet and other sectors has overall and revolutionary significance on countries' economic structure, social formation and innovation system, and provides strong driving force for world economic growth and the realization of sustainable development goal. To ensure Internet development brings benefit to all regions and countries will facilitate the implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. |
| 国际社会应不断推进互联网领域开放合作，丰富开放内涵，提高开放水平，搭建更多沟通合作平台，推动在网络空间优势互补、共同发展，确保人人共享互联网发展成果，实现联合国信息社会世界峰会确定的建设以人为本、面向发展、包容性的信息社会目标。 | The international community should promote greater openness and cooperation in cyberspace, further substantiate and enhance the opening-up efforts, build more platforms for communication and cooperation and strive for complementarity of strengths and common development of all countries in cyberspace. This will ensure that people across the world can share the benefits of Internet development and a people-centered, development-oriented and inclusive information society will be realized, as envisaged by the World Summit on the Information Society. |
| 各国应积极推动双边、区域和国际发展合作，特别是应加大对发展中国家在网络能力建设上的资金和技术援助，帮助他们抓住数字机遇，跨越“数字鸿沟”。 | Countries should promote development cooperation at the bilateral, regional and international levels. In particular, more technical and financial assistance should be channeled to developing countries for capacity building and help them seize the digital opportunities and bridge the digital divide. |
| 第三章 战略目标 | Chapter III. Strategic Goals |
| 中国参与网络空间国际合作的战略目标是：坚定维护中国网络主权、安全和发展利益，保障互联网信息安全有序流动，提升国际互联互通水平，维护网络空间和平安全稳定，推动网络空间国际法治，促进全球数字经济发展，深化网络文化交流互鉴，让互联网发展成果惠及全球，更好造福各国人民。 | The strategic goal of China's participation in international cyberspace cooperation is: resolutely safeguard the country's sovereignty, security and development interests in cyberspace; ensure secure and orderly flow of information on the Internet; improve global connectivity; maintain peace, security and stability in cyberspace; enhance international rule of law in cyberspace; promote global development of the digital economy; and deepen cultural exchange and mutual learning, so that the fruits of Internet development will reach every corner of the world and benefit people of all countries. |
| 一、维护主权与安全 | 1. Safeguarding Sovereignty and Security |
| 中国致力于维护网络空间和平安全，以及在国家主权基础上构建公正合理的网络空间国际秩序，并积极推动和巩固在此方面的国际共识。中国坚决反对任何国家借网络干涉别国内政，主张各国有权利和责任维护本国网络安全，通过国家法律和政策保障各方在网络空间的正当合法权益。网络空间加强军备、强化威慑的倾向不利于国际安全与战略互信。中国致力于推动各方切实遵守和平解决争端、不使用或威胁使用武力等国际关系基本准则，建立磋商与调停机制，预防和避免冲突，防止网络空间成为新的战场。 | China is committed to upholding peace and security in cyberspace and establishing a fair and reasonable international cyberspace order on the basis of state sovereignty, and has worked actively to build international consensus in this respect. China firmly opposes any country using the Internet to interfere in other countries' internal affairs and believes every country has the right and responsibility to maintain its cyber security and protect the legitimate rights and interests of various parties in cyberspace through national laws and policies. The tendency of militarization and deterrence buildup in cyberspace is not conducive to international security and strategic mutual trust. China encourages all parties to commit to peaceful settlement of disputes, non-use or threat of force and other basic norms in international relations and put in place consultation and mediation mechanisms to forestall and avoid conflict, so that cyberspace will not become a new battlefield. |
| 网络空间国防力量建设是中国国防和军队现代化建设的重要内容，遵循一贯的积极防御军事战略方针。中国将发挥军队在维护国家网络空间主权、安全和发展利益中的重要作用，加快网络空间力量建设，提高网络空间态势感知、网络防御、支援国家网络空间行动和参与国际合作的能力，遏控网络空间重大危机，保障国家网络安全，维护国家安全和社会稳定。 | Enhanced defense capability in cyberspace is an important part of China's endeavor to modernize its national defense and armed forces, which complies with the strategic guideline of active defense. China will give play to the important role of the military in safeguarding the country's sovereignty, security and development interests in cyberspace. It will expedite the development of a cyber force and enhance capabilities in terms of situational awareness, cyber defense, supporting state activities and participating in international cooperation, to prevent major cyber crisis, safeguard cyberspace security and maintain national security and social stability. |
| 二、构建国际规则体系 | 2. Developing A System of International Rules |
| 网络空间作为新疆域，亟需制定相关规则和行为规范。中国主张在联合国框架下制定各国普遍接受的网络空间国际规则和国家行为规范，确立国家及各行为体在网络空间应遵循的基本准则，规范各方行为，促进各国合作，以维护网络空间的安全、稳定与繁荣。中国支持并积极参与国际规则制定进程，并将继续与国际社会加强对话合作，作出自己的贡献。 | As a new frontier, cyberspace needs to be governed by rules and norms of behavior. China supports formulating universally accepted international rules and norms of state behavior in cyberspace within the framework of the United Nations, which will establish basic principles for states and other actors to regulate their behavior and intensify cooperation in order to uphold security, stability and prosperity in cyberspace. China has supported and actively participated in international rules making process and will continue to make its contribution through enhanced dialogue and cooperation with the international community. |
| 中国是网络安全的坚定维护者。中国也是黑客攻击的受害国。中国反对任何形式的黑客攻击，不论何种黑客攻击，都是违法犯罪行为，都应该根据法律和相关国际公约予以打击。网络攻击通常具有跨国性、溯源难等特点，中国主张各国通过建设性协商合作，共同维护网络空间安全。 | China is firmly committed to safeguarding cyber security. As a victim itself, China opposes all forms of hacking and regards them illegal criminal activities that should be tackled in accordance with law and relevant international legal instruments. Given that cyber attacks are usually transnational and difficult to attribute, countries should work together to ensure cyber security through constructive consultation and cooperation. |
| 三、促进互联网公平治理 | 3. Promoting Fair Internet Governance |
| 中国主张通过国际社会平等参与和共同决策，构建多边、民主、透明的全球互联网治理体系。各国应享有平等参与互联网治理的权利。应公平分配互联网基础资源，共同管理互联网根服务器等关键信息基础设施。要确保相关国际进程的包容与开放，加强发展中国家的代表性和发言权。 | China believes that a multilateral, democratic and transparent global Internet governance system should be built through equal participation and joint decision-making of the international community. Countries are entitled to participate in Internet governance on an equal footing. It is important to ensure equitable distribution of basic resources of the Internet and joint management of critical information infrastructure such as root servers. Relevant international processes should be open and inclusive with greater representations and voice of developing countries. |
| 中国支持加强包括各国政府、国际组织、互联网企业、技术社群、民间机构、公民个人等各利益攸关方的沟通与合作。各利益攸关方应在上述治理模式中发挥与自身角色相匹配的作用，政府应在互联网治理特别是公共政策和安全中发挥关键主导作用，实现共同参与、科学管理、民主决策。 | China calls for enhanced communication and cooperation among all stakeholders including governments, international organizations, Internet companies, technological communities, non-governmental institutions and citizens. Relevant efforts should reflect broad participation, sound management and democratic decision-making, with all stakeholders contributing in their share based on their capacity and governments taking the leading in Internet governance particularly public policies and security. |
| 四、保护公民合法权益 | 4. Protecting Legitimate Rights and Interests of Citizens |
| 中国支持互联网的自由与开放，充分尊重公民在网络空间的权利和基本自由，保障公众在网络空间的知情权、参与权、表达权、监督权，保护网络空间个人隐私。同时，网络空间不是“法外之地”，网络空间与现实社会一样，既要提倡自由，也要保持秩序。中国致力于推动网络空间有效治理，实现信息自由流动与国家安全、公共利益有机统一。 | China supports a free and open Internet. It fully respects citizens' rights and fundamental freedoms in cyberspace and safeguards their rights to be informed, to participate, to express and to supervise while protecting individual privacy in cyberspace. Cyberspace, in the meantime, is not a place beyond the rule of law. Like the real world, freedom and order are both necessary in cyberspace. China pursues effective governance in cyberspace to promote free flow of information while ensuring national security and public interests. |
| 五、促进数字经济合作 | 5. Promoting Cooperation on Digital Economy |
| 中国大力实施网络强国战略、国家信息化战略、国家大数据战略、“互联网+”行动计划，大力发展电子商务，着力推动互联网和实体经济深度融合发展，促进资源配置优化，促进全要素生产率提升，为推动创新发展、转变经济增长方式、调整经济结构发挥积极作用。 | China is vigorously implementing the national strategies for cyber development, IT application and big data and the "Internet Plus" action plan. It encourages the development of e-commerce, promotes integration of the digital and real economies and works to optimize the allocation of resources and boost total factor productivity, which will drive innovation, transform growth model and adjust economic structure. |
| 中国秉持公平、开放、竞争的市场理念，在自身发展的同时，坚持合作和普惠原则，促进世界范围内投资和贸易发展，推动全球数字经济发展。中国主张推动国际社会公平、自由贸易，反对贸易壁垒和贸易保护主义，促进建立开放、安全的数字经济环境，确保互联网为经济发展和创新服务。中国主张进一步推动实现公平合理普遍的互联网接入、互联网技术的普及化、互联网语言的多样性，加强中国同其他国家和地区在网络安全和信息技术方面的交流与合作，共同推进互联网技术的发展和创新，确保所有人都能平等分享数字红利，实现网络空间的可持续发展。 | China values fairness, openness and competition in the market. While pursuing its own development, China advocates cooperation and shared benefits and commits to promoting investment, trade and a stronger digital economy globally. It supports fair and open international trade, opposes trade barriers and trade protectionism and pursues an open and secure environment for the digital economy, to ensure the Internet serves the economy and innovation. It calls for fair, reasonable and universal access to the Internet, popularization of Internet technology and diversity of Internet language, and seeks enhanced cooperation and exchange with other countries and regions on cyber security and information technology, for the advancement and innovation of Internet technology, equal sharing of digital dividends and sustainable development of the cyberspace. |
| 中国坚持以安全保发展，以发展促安全。要保持数字经济健康、强劲发展，既不能追求绝对安全阻碍发展的活力、限制开放互通、禁锢技术创新，也不能以市场自由化、贸易自由化为由，回避必要的安全监管措施。各国、各地区互联网发展水平和网络安全防护能力不同，应为广大发展中国家提升网络安全能力提供力所能及的援助，弥合发展中国家和发达国家间的“数字鸿沟”，实现数字经济互利共赢，补齐全球网络安全短板。 | China believes that security guarantees development and development enhances security. A healthy and strong digital economy would not be possible if the pursuit of absolute security is allowed to constrain momentum, openness or innovation, or necessary security regulation is not observed with the excuse of free market and free trade. Countries and regions differ in levels of Internet development and cyber security capacity. Efforts should be made to assist developing countries with capacity building to bridge the digital divide between developing and developed countries so as to ensure the digital economy would benefit all and the weak links of global cyber security are addressed. |
| 六、打造网上文化交流平台 | 6. Building Platform for Cyber Culture Exchange |
| 互联网是传播人类优秀文化、弘扬正能量的重要载体。网络空间是人类共同的精神家园。各国应加强合作，共同肩负起运用互联网传承优秀文化的重任，培育和发展积极向上的网络文化，发挥文化滋养人类、涵养社会、促进经济发展的重要作用，共同推动网络文明建设和网络文化繁荣发展。 | The Internet is an important carrier to spread mankind's fine cultures and promote positive energy. Cyberspace is a place that connects us all. Countries should shoulder the responsibility to carry forward the fine cultures through the Internet, develop an uplifting cyber culture, enable culture to play its role in nourishing people and society and driving growth, and jointly work for a sound environment in cyberspace and the prosperity of cyber cultures. |
| 中国愿同各国一道，发挥互联网传播平台优势，通过互联网架设国际交流桥梁，促进各国优秀文化交流互鉴。加强网络文化传播能力建设，推动国际网络文化的多样性发展，丰富人们精神世界，促进人类文明进步。 | China will work with other countries to give full play to the Internet as a shared platform and enhance international exchange with the Internet as a bridge to facilitate interactions among fine cultures. Efforts should be made to strengthen the capacity building for cultural exchange and promote diversity of cultures on the Internet so as to enrich peoples' mind and thinking and advance human civilization. |
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