Li Jiajun, Explore the Mystery of Ethnic Groups on the Plateau, Tibeten People's Publishing House, Lhasa, March 1996. 30 9 pp. 18 cm. ISBN 7-223-00907-1. A collection of literary criticisms, including six articles of theoretical and general reviews such as "Rational Thoughts on Contemporary Tibetan Literature" and "From the Plateau to the World-Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow o f Contemporary Tibetan Literature"; nine commentaries such as "Explore the Mystery of Ethnic Groups on the Plateau-On Li Wenshan's Literary Creation in Tibet" and "True Portrayal of a Great Patriot-Reading Master Panchen, a Biographic Literature by Jampel Gyatso"; 16 notes and short essays such as "Reading Notes on Love Songs by Tsangyang Gyatso" and "General Conception of the Murals in Tibet Hall"; and 10 prefaces and postscripts such as "Love Story of a Soldier-Preface to Snow Charm, a Collection of Poems by Yang Xiaomin."

Dorje Rinchen, An Outline of Literary Theory, Ethnic Publishing House, Beijing, October 1998. 584 pp. 20 cm. ISBN 7-1 05-03237 -5.Teaching materials on literary theory for students majoring in Tibetan literature in colleges for ethnic minorities. With Marxist literary and artistic viewpoints as guiding thinking, while referring to both modern and traditional Tibetan literary theories, this book expounds the nature, characteristics an d development law of literature in a systematic way.

Kunga, Annotation to Tibetan Literary Theory , Tibetan People's Publishing House, Lhasa, January 1999. 426 pp. 20 cm. ISBN 7 -223-01207-2. Written to mark the 40th anniversary of the Democratic Reform of Ti bet, this book contains seven chapters: Introduction to Literature, Basic Factor s for Literary Creation, Literary Styles, Literary Contents and Forms, Nature of Literature and Social Functions, Images of Characters in Literature, and Creative Methods.

Champa Tsultrim, Elementary Theory on Writing, Tibetan People's Publishing House, Lhasa, April 199 7. 1 61 pp. 19 cm. ISBN 7-223-01048-7. The book includes three parts: a n outline of literature, the process of literary creation and forms of expression. The author has enriched the theory in Tibetan writing in his long teaching career by learning from other ethnic groups on the basis of the traditional theory of Tibetan writing.

Zhou Wei, The Personality of Tibet an Culture: Second Thoughts on Tibetan Literature, China Tibetology Publishing House, Beijing, May 1997. 286 pp. 19 cm. ISBN 7-80057-324-9. Four articles on the personality of Tibetan culture: "Traditional Culture and Classical Tibetan Novels Under the Impact of Tibetan Buddhist Concepts," "The Concepts and Circulation Forms of Tibetan Epics," "Forms of Tibetan Folk Literature" and "Religious Rituals and Tibetan Opera Art."

Drakpa Jungne, On the Forms of Tibetan Literature, Gansu Ethnic Publishing House, Lanzhou, September 1996. 213 pp. 19 c m. ISBN 7-5421-0402-0. In two parts: literary form and concept form. The part on the literary form explains three styles: eulogy, prose and mixture of prose and eulogy, with the focus on the eulogy style. The part on the concept form includes various literary styles into direct and indirect recounts (artistic treatment and exaggeration).

Lhapa Chophel, The Forms of Literary Works, Ethnic Publishing House, Beijing, October 1997. 199 pp. 19 cm. ISBN 7-105-02872-6. Six chapters: general introduction to literary forms, poetry, fiction, prose, drama and literary review. Based on traditional Tibetan writing and drawing on Han-Chinese literary theory, the author expounds the forms, contents, compositions, techniques and creation of Tibetan literary works.

Ma Lihua, Snowland Culture and Tibetan Literature, Hunan Educational Publishing House, Changsha, January 1998. 315 pp. 20 cm. ISBN 7-5355-2460-5. Hardcover. 20th Century Chinese Literature and R gional Culture Series. Seven parts: general introduction to Tibetan regional culture, the pursuit of ancient Tibetan literature and contemporary Tibetan literary creation , modern Tibetan novels, young writers of modern Tibetan novels, illustrious figures in Tibetan literature, brilliant poems of the Snowland and contemporary Tibetan prose. With a preface "A Reply to Ma Lihua: Probing into Snowland Culture and Tibetan Literature" by Zhou Zhengbao.

Lhundrup Namgyel, General Introduction to the Forms and Characteristics of Tibetan Literary Works of Different Historical Periods, Gansu Ethnic Publishing House, Lanzhou, May 1998. 207 pp. 20 cm. I SBN 7-5421-0584-1. Based on teaching materials, the book has four chapters: First Chapter: "Early Literary Works of the Tibetan People," covering myths, legends, moral songs, oracle inscriptions, admonitions, proverbs, biographies and fables. Second Chapter: "Literary Works of the Separatist Period," covering invitations, odes, moral songs, admonitions, epics and maxims. Third Chapter: "Literary Works of the Sakya-Ganden Photrang Period," covering poetry, biography, drama and fiction. Fourth Chapter: "Literary Works of the Period from Ganden Photrang to the Peaceful Liberation of Tibet," covering legends and stories.

Dulagyal, Selection of Contemporary Tibetan Literary Works, Gansu Ethnic Publishing House, Lanzhou, November 1998. 462 pp. 20 cm. ISBN 7-5421-0614-7.Fifty-three works including stories, poetry and prose, each with a 1,000-word essay of appraisal and analysis.

Dekyitso, Singers Have No Regret: Comments on Works of Contemporary Tibetan Writers, Ethnic Publishing House, Beijing, April 2000. 178 pp, 18 cm. ISBN 7-105-03402-5. Fifteen commentary articles on literary works in Tibetan or Han-Chinese language by 14 influential writers in modern Tibetan literature including "The Words of Life: Duan Zhijia and His Prose," "The Road Is at the Foot of t he Explorer Tsering Dondrup and His Story Creation," "The Root of Dorje Rinchen's Stories," "Songs of River Sources: Gyu Kelsang and His Poetry," "He Sings for His Love: Khedrup and His Song of the Four Seasons of Cultivation," "Irresistible Charm: On Dorjekhas Artistic Creation," "Meditation on the Altar: Lhagyal Tsering's Literary Creation," "The Backflow of Poetry: Chagak Dorje Tsering and His Poems," "Blooming Buds: Dekyi Drolma and Her Poems," "Green Hometown: Namse's Nostalgia for His Native Land As Displayed in His Stories," "He Scans All Mountains at the Foot of Mt. Qomolangma: The Life of the New Generation on the Plateau As Revealed in Orgyen Dorje's Poems," "Alek Alek Hi s The Dust Is Settled," "Lekme Phuntsok on His Way to Pilgrimage: On the Trip to the Holy Land by Lekme Phuntsok," "Keeping Vigil over the Native Land: Drangkar Nyima and His Prose" and "Sing for It with the Soul and Dance for It with the Heart: Duan Zhijia's Literary World." With a preface by Dorshi Losang Thubten Khyungpo.

Kelsang Dondrup, Collection of Theses of Kelsang Dondrup, Tibetan People's Publishing House, Lhasa, May 1997. 116 pp. 19 cm. ISBN 7-223-01047-9. Four articles: "Synopses of the Eight Famous Tibetan Opera Routine's of Gyasa and Belsa, Prince Drimed Kundan, Maiden Nangsa, Maiden Dro wa Sangmo, Prince Norsang, Maiden Sukyi Nyima, Brothers Donyol and Dondrup and Padma Obar," "New Annotations to the Moral Songs by the Sixth Dalai Lama Tsangyang Gyatso," "On the Word 'Sect' in Tibetan Buddhism" and "Empress Ngatsong."

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Jamyang Drukpa, Annotations on "Analysis of Poems," Gansu Ethnic Publishing House, Lanzhou, May 1995. 291 pp. 20 cm. ISBN 7-5421-0374-1.This book is written on the basis of the author's teaching experie nces. Each rhetorical method is illustrated by examples of Living Buddha Gungtha ng Tenpai Dronme Rinpoche and the author. Some of the poems are collected by Sam ten Gyatso. The book has been used as teaching materials in middle schools and colleges in areas inhabited by Tibetans in Qinghai, Gansu and Sichuan provinces.

Jamyang Drukpa, Annotations on "Analysis of Poems" (second edition), Gansu Ethnic Publishing House, Lanzhou, February 1998. 211 pp. Illus. 20 cm. ISBN 7-5421-0573-6.

Khenpo Toden Ralchenpa, Reading Notes on "The Mirror of Poetry," Qinghai Ethnic Publishing House, Xining, June 1996. 308 pp. 19 cm. ISBN 7-5420-0543-X. Detailed notes on The Mirror of Poetry, written in an easily understandable way.

Desi Sangye Gyatso, Notes on "Annotations on the Mirror of Poetry: Wonderful Sound and Happy Songs," Qinghai Ethnic Publishing House, Xining, June 1996. 653 pp. 20 cm. ISBN 7-5420-0533-2. Hardcover.Annotations on the Mirror of Poetry: Wonderful Sound and Happy Songs is a famous work by the Fifth Dalai Lama. The author was a disciple of the Fifth Dalai Lama and an influential person in political and religious fields in Tibet. He was once an official in charge of political and religious affairs under the Fifth Dalai Lama, including the repair and expansion of the Potala Palace and the construction of the pagoda for keeping the body of the Fifth Dalai Lama, and proofread and collated Four Medical Classics. Also he made concrete notes on Annotations on the Mirror of Poetry: Wonderful Sound and Happy Songs which he used as lecture materials while teaching poetry to the Sixth Dalai Lama Tsangyang Gyatso. This book was completed in 1699. The present edition is based on a rare handwritten cop y offered by Dongkar Losang Trinley.

Drashi Dondrup, Annotations on Poems: Each Illustrated with Two Examples, Ethnic Publishing House, Beijing, January 1999. 222 pp. Illus. 19 cm. ISBN 7-105-03238-3. Each ci pai (names of the tunes to which ci poems are composed) contains two exemplary poems, one on Buddhism-related traditional culture and the other on secular affairs in order to meet the needs of readers with different cultural backgrounds.

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Labrang Drolmagyal, ed, Notes on Famous Terms from t he Snowland, Tibetan Publishing House, Lhasa, January 1997. 519 pp. 2 0 cm. ISBN 7-223-00930-6.An explanatory book on the famous terms used in Selection of Tibetan Literary Works (Vols. I, II, III), edited by Qi Shunlai and He Feng and listed in the Catalogue of Chinese Publications in Tibetan Studies (1949-1991). With more than 2,600 entries arranged in Tibetan alphabetical order.

History of Tibetan Literature

Hua Ze and Lhagyal Tsering, History of Tibetan Literatu re, Gansu Ethnic Publishing House, Lanzhou, February 1999. 398 pp. 20 cm. ISBN 7-5421-0636-8.Three parts. First part: ancient Tibetan literature, including ancient poetry, ancient moral songs, an inscription on a tablet about the alliance between Tang Dynasty and Tubo Kingdom and Bashe ( Records of the Samye Monastery). Second part: literature during the Early Period of Tibetan Buddhism, including Fundamentall Tibetan Grammar of Sambhota in 30 Slokas by Jowoje, Sakya mottoes, moral songs by Milarepa, Ramayana, Ganden mottoes, and biography of King Gesar. Third part: literature in the Later Period of Tibetan Buddhism, including moral songs by Tsangyang Gyatso, Shonnu Takme, "Elegant Sayings Out of Water and Trees," theory on kings self-cultivation, story about green-necked birds, story about monkey birds, Gendun Chophel's poems, and the eight famous Tibetan opera routines.

Collection of Works

Collection of Works by Several Authors

Sichuan Tibetan Language School, ed, Best Tibetan Literary Works second (revised and enlarged) edition, Ethnic Publishing House, Beijing, August 1998. 361 pp. Illus. 20 cm. ISBN 7-105-03 148-4.Thirty-five pieces including poetry, letters, prose, biographies and folk literary works by Tibetan writers. With some notes by the editor.

Jopa Dondrup, ed, Song of Qinghai Lake: Selection of Literary Works from Qinghai Written in the Five Decades of New China (Tibetan Volume), Qinghai Ethnic Publishing House, Xining, August 1999. 461 pp. 20 cm. ISBN 7-5420-0852-8.Twenty-one poems, seven pieces of prose and 12 short stories create d after the birth of New China, especially since the Third Plenary Session of the 11th Party Central Committee, demonstrating the rich and colorful life of the Tibetan people living in Qinghai.

Collection of Works by One Author Ozer, Brilliant Guests, Gansu Ethnic Publishing House, Lanzhou, May 1996. 83 pp. Illus. 19 cm. ISBN 7-5421-0404-7.Some 30 poems published in Tibetan newspapers including Changchar, Dasail and Bangjing Metok since 1992. Two parts: "Pure and White Katag Scarf" (poems) and "Flower in the Heart"(prose poems).

Lodro Gyatso, Paean of the Snowland, Tibetan People's Publishing House, Lhasa, January 1997. 175 pp. 19 cm. ISBN 7-223-00908 -X. Twenty-some articles included in six parts (poems, literary translation, folk stories, famous Tibetan scholars, study of Tibetan culture and study of Tibetan history), praising great changes in his hometown, its historical and cultural development and good social morals.

Dorshi, Collection of Poems by Dorshi, Qinghai Ethnic Publishing House, Xining, November 1998. 332 pp. 20 cm. ISBN 7- 5420-0811-0. Some 80 pieces including poetry, random notes, letters, prefaces, prayers and eulogies.

Yonten Tsering, Roar of the Snow Mountain Lion , Gansu People's Publishing House, Lanzhou, September 1999. 250 pp. 20 cm. ISBN 7-226-02119-6. Gansu Ethnic Minorities Literature Series. Prefaces, postscripts, speeches, comments and poems from different historical stages, and nine articles in the last part such as "I Sing for the P arty and Tibetan People - Interview with the Tibetan Poet Yonten Tsering," "Snowland Singer from the Gannan Grassland: Roundup of the Symposium on the Creative Achievements of Yonten Tsering."

Poetry

Collection of Poems by Several Authors

Jopa Dondrup and Chagak Dorje Tsering, Tender Regards from the Snow Mountains, Gansu Ethnic Publishing House, Lanzhou, March 1996. 250 pp. 19 cm. ISBN 7-5421-0418-7.Twenty poems published in Tibetan magazines in recent years, praising the great changes-political, economic and cultural-that have taken place in China, especially since implementation of the reform and opening-up policies.

Drashi Gyeltsen, ed, Collection of Narrative Love Poems, Qinghai Ethnic Publishing House, Xining, April 1997. 341 pp.19 cm. ISBN 7-5420-0635-5. Amdo Folk Literature Series. Twelve narrative love poems including "Duan Zhijia and Yeshe Drolm a" and "Lhaya and Lumotso," extolling the loyal love of Tibetan young people, demonstrating bold and unconstrained enthusiasm of the Tibetan people and their wishes for a happy life and castigating the feudalist thinking that brought misery to young people in love.

Tsewang Norbu and Walshul Tseten, ed, Selection of Poems by Contemporary Tibetan Poets (Chinese Volume), Qinghai People's Publis hing House, Xining, May 1997. 313 pp. 20 cm. ISBN 7-225-01307-6.Two hundred poems written in Chinese by 38 old, middle-aged and young Tibetan poets such as Yonten Tsering.

Kyabchen Dedro and Dorje Rinchen, Busy World, Gansu Ethnic Publishing House, Lanzhou, August 1998. 145 pp. 19 cm. ISB N 7-5421 -0591-4.Forty-eight modern poems, 34 by Kyabchen Dedro and the rest 14 by Dorje Rinchen.

Gu Jianping, ed, Listening to Tibet: In the Form of Poems, Yunnan People's Publishing House, Kunming, January 1999. 381 pp. 21 cm. ISBN 7-222-02695-9. One hundred and three poems and songs about Tibet including "Sounds of Songs," "My Poems About Tibet," "A Hunter Walking into Lhasa Theater"and "Daydream of Tibet." With an introduction to the author of each piece of work.

Gyamyang Chihua, Annotations to the "Hymns to the Panchens," Qinghai Ethnic Publishing House, Xining, April 1999. 204 pp. 19 cm. ISBN 7-5420-0821-8. Literal annotations to the Hymn to the Ninth Panchen Lama and the Hymn to the Tenth Panchen Lama by t he famous Tibetan scholars Lobsang Pantan (1881-1944) and Tsetan Shabsdrung(1910-1984), respectively.

Collection of Poems by One Author

Yonten Tsering, Collection of Snow Mountains , Gansu People's Publishing House, Lanzhou, August 1980. 187 pp. 18 c m. -10096-202.Thirty-four poems written from 1960 to 1965, including "Flying to the Hometown of the Sun," "Golden Horse," "Nocturnal Song of the Grassland, " "The Late-comers" and "Toast Song."

Menrakyap, Daughter of the Rock: Collection of Poems by Menrakyap, Gansu Ethnic Publishing House, Lanzhou, August 1995. 174 pp. Illus. 19 cm. ISBN 7-5421-0394-6.The first collection of poems of the author with 60 poems included in four parts: "Water-Carrying Girls," "Golden Wild Wolf," "Native Place o f Wild Yaks and Others" and "Sentimental Village."

Jiang Pu, Anthology of Jiang Pu: Poems, Gansu Ethnic Publishing House, Lanzhou, March 1996. 197 pp. 19 cm. I SBN 7-5421-0427-6. Ninety poems written from 1984 to 1995 including "Red Small Fox," "Sketch of the Grassland," "Earrings in the Evening," "Songs of Blood" an d "Mt. Yarlha Shampo and Poems."

Nyanak Padrap, The Call of Love, Ethnic Publi shing House, Beijing, May 1996. 167 pp. Illus. 19 cm. ISBN 7-105-02623-5. Some 100 free-style poems, demonstrating a deep thought of Tibetan history, culture and concept and a sincere call for rejuvenation of the Tibetan people.

Nyansang Yulgyelkyap, Dream of Snow: Collection of Poems by Nyansang Yulgyelkyap, Gansu Ethnic Publishing House, Lanzhou, Jul y 1996. 145 pp. 19 cm. ISBN 7-5421-0450-0. Forty-eight poems included in two parts: poems of the traditional metrical style including "Evening Poems" and "Garland of Good Wishes" and poems of the modern free style such as "Maiden Tseringtso," "Golden Oil Lamps" and "I Share the Secrets of the Windows."

Kyenaktsang Nyida, Collection of Poems by Nyida , Gansu Ethnic Publishing House, Lanzhou, August 1996. 100 pp. Illus. 19 cm. ISBN 7-5421-0457-8. Some 50 poems of free and eulogistic styles.

Kan Zhaojia, White Butterfly, Gansu Ethnic Publishing House, Lanzhou, November 1996. 113 pp. 19 cm. ISBN 7-5421-0471-3. A collection of 60 prose poems on ethnicity, life, love, and future, including "White Butterfly," "Mother in the Snowland," "Yellow Bee," "Last Night," "Young Girl," and "Body and Mind."

Gangtso and Todenkyap, Echo of Melodic Sounds, Gansu Ethnic Publishing House, Lanzhou, May 1997. 156 pp. 19 cm. ISBN 7-5421-0511-6. Sixty-three poems included in three parts: "Charm of the Snow Mountains," "Eternal Youth" and "To My Sweetheart."

Khanbum, Notes to "Biography of Ramayana," Gansu Ethnic Publishing House, Lanzhou, July 1997. 238 pp. 19 cm. ISBN 7 -5421-0524-8. Annotations to "Ramayana," a poem in Tibetan created by Shangshungwa Chowang Drakpa according to the Indian epic "Ramayana."

Dorpa, Selection of Poems by Dorpa, Gansu Ethnic Publishing House, Lanzhou, August 1997. 124 pp. Illus. 19 cm. ISBN 7 -5421-0535-3. Translated by Gonpoje. Four poems in Tibetan, 52 poems translated from Tibetan to Chinese and six poems in Chinese selected from some 200 poems created by the author, eulogizing beautiful landscape on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and reflecting the ho nest feelings between people and cherishing the memory of deceased relatives and friends.

Nortrang Orgyen, Notes on Three Poems by Tsongkhapa , Ethnic Publishing House, Beijing, August 1997. 201 pp. 20 cm. IS BN 7-105-02597-2. First one: "Teaching Pawa," a poem instructing his disciple Pawa to study Buddhist laws; second one: "Deeds of Drakpa Changchub," a poem mixed with a prose piece praising a respected monk Drakpa Changchub (1356-1386) of the same sect, the Kagyu Sect of the Phaggru school, with Tsongkhapa (1357-1419); third one: a short poem praising Drakpa Changchub. With exhaustive notes on these three poems by Nortrang Orgyen.

Gonpo Drashi, Collection of Poems by Gonpo Drashi, Ethnic Publishing House, Beijing, October 1997. 229 pp. With a photo of the author. 18 cm. ISBN 7-105-02854-8. Chinese-Tibetan bilingual edition. Sixty-one poems translated by Dorjekha, including "Constant Search," "Evening in the Grassland," "Snow Mountains" and "Ode to the Sun." Wit h a profile of the author.

Danma Nyima Gyeltsen, Red Kasaya, Gansu Ethni c Publishing House, Lanzhou, February 1998. 165 pp. 18 cm. ISBN 7-5421-0 572-8. Ninety-five poems in three volumes including "Yangjenma," "Pure Land," "Red Kasaya" and "First Love." With a preface by Tobdrak.

Lugyal Tsering, The Call of Daybreak Goddess, Ethnic Publishing House, Beijing, April 1998. 206 pp. 19 cm. ISBN 7-105 -02897-1. Some 100 poems written in both the traditional Tibetan style and the modern free style, eulogizing the happy life of the Tibetan people and expressing the author's hope for the future of the Snowland.

Losang Jampel Gyatso, Collection of Poems by Losang Jampel Gyatso, Qinghai Ethnic Publishing House, Xining, May 1998. 303 pp. 19 cm. ISBN 7-5420-0694-0. More than 40 odes, narrative speeches and moral songs by the author, the Eighth Living Buddha of Serla Monastery in Qinghai Province.

Gar Jamyang Yeshe, Songs Dedicated to the Holy Land, Ethnic Publishing House, Beijing, June 1998. 55 pp. 19 cm. ISBN 7-105-03 131-X. Fifty-one poems of a free style, eulogizing the unique mountains, rivers, lakes, flowers and plants on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and expressing the author's love of Nature and his hometown and calling upon people to protect the environment.

Mei Zhuo, Prose Poems by Mei Zhuo-Beauty on the White Land: 108 Drops of Dew, Guizhou People's Publishing House, Guiyang, November 1998. 167 pp. 18.5×11.5 cm. ISBN 7-221-04817-7. A collection of 108 prose poems in five parts, including "The Sp eechless Setting Sun: Last Home," "To My Sisters," "Tibet in My Heart: Shambhala," "Spring on the Plateau . Eternity," and "Lesser Cold: Who Made the Re d Wine Burn My Cheeks."

Gyudo, Pastoral Songs of the Wilderness, Ethnic Publishig House, Beijing, December 1998. 184 pp. 19 cm. ISBN 7-105-03 236-7. Some 100 poems in Tibetan of the metrical and free styles by the Mongolian young poet, reflecting profound changes on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the mentality of the minority people. Chen Kuiyuan, The Blue Sky and White Snow, Beijing Publishing House, Beijing, September 1999. 318 pp. 20 cm. ISBN 7-2 00-03846 -6.Eighty-five poems of the old style created by the author during his work in Tibet in 1992 including "Trip to Tibet," "Nagqu in Northern Tibet," "Lhasa in Summer" and "Song of Healthy Atmosphere" and 46 verses including "Cries of Flower Vendors Fly Across the Hengduan Mountains" and "Cherish the Memory of Sakya Monastery."

Chen Hanchang, Plateau Soul: Collection of Poems and Verses by Chen Hanchang, Tibetan People's Publishing House, Lhasa, Sept ember 1999. 110 pp. 18 cm. ISBN 7-223-01141-6. Fifty poems of the old style including "The Roof of the World," "The Yarlungzangbo River," "On a Snowy Night" and "Going West to Changtang." With three commentary articles: "Plateau Devotion Creates New Poems: Reading Chen Hanchang's Poem 'Plateau Soul'" by Li Jiajun, "Plateau Soul and Loyal Aspiration: On the Epochal Features and Artistic Charm of Chen Hanchang's Poem s" by Yan Zhenzhong and "The Theme and Artistic Personality of Chen Hanchang's Poem'Plateau Soul'" by Ni Banggui.

Maxims in Verses

Sonam Gyeltsen, New Notes to "Sakya Mottoes, " Tibetan People's Publishing House, Lhasa, July 1999. 418 pp. 20 cm . ISBN 7-223-01229-3. Notes to 457 mottoes from Sakya Mottoes (listed in the Catalogue of Chinese Publications in Tibetan Studies (1949-1991). With detailed introductions to all the allusions in the book.

Gungthang Tenpai Dronme, Elegant Sayings Out of Water and Trees (second edition), Tibetan People's Publishing House, Lhasa, March 2000. 80 pp. 19 cm. ISBN 7-223-01252-8. The first edition, published in March 1985 by the same publishing house, was listed in the Catalogue of Chinese Publications in Tibetan Studies (1949-1991).

Sonam Drakpa, Ganden Mottoes (second edition ), Tibetan People's Publishing House, Lhasa, April 2000. 187 pp. 20 cm. ISBN 7- 223-01249-8. The first edition, published in April 1986 by the same publishing house, was listed in the Catalogue of Chinese Publications in Tibetan Studies (1949-1991).

The Epic Gesar

Reviews and Research on Gesar

He Min and Zhou Jun, Splendid Tibetan Epic: "Life of King Gesar" Guidebook, Sichuan Education Publishing House, Chengdu, July 1997. 127 pp. 18 cm. ISB N 7-5408 -3096-4. Hundred Literary Classics Guidebook Series. Four sections: synopsis, profiles of the authors, message and artistic characteristics, and selected episodes.

Yang Enhong, Life of King Gesar, Chunfeng Lit erature and Art Publishing House, Shenyang, January 1999. 94 pp. Illus. 20 cm. I SBN 7-5313-2054-1. Illustrated Mini Chinese Literature Series. Introduces the content of the epic, its spread, the ways of story -telling of folk entertainers, the origin and circulation of its block-printed a nd handwritten editions, and its development tendency.

Jopa Dondrup and Huang Zhi, ed, Collection of Theses on "Gesar," Qinghai Ethnic Publishing House, Xining, February 1996. 254 pp. 19 cm. ISBN 7-5420-0 535-9. Nine theses involving the productive process of Life of King Gesar, surnames, birth and death years and major achievements of the Gesar family, its literary and folklore character, history of folk entertainers, etc.

Jopa Dondrup and Sonam，ed, A Dictionary of Gesar Literary Language, Ethnic Publishing House, Beijing, April 1996. 508 pp. 20 cm. ISBN 7-105-02448-8. Contents edited from over twenty versions of Life of Kin g Gesar, containing 17 parts including characters, regions, wars, weapons, treasure-house, tents, eulogies, religion, and proverbs-totaling more than 960 entries, each entry indicated with its sources, such as book title, page n umber, publishing house, etc.

Tashi Tsering, ed, Collection of Theses on Gesar, China Tibetology Publishing House, Beijing, May 1996. 598 pp. Illus. 20 cm. ISBN 7-80057-207-2. More than 30 Tibetan-language theses carefully selected from among more than 100 theses on Gesar, involving many research achievements, such as textual research on the characters in Gesar and the evolution of Life of King Gesar.

Jumipang，On Gesar, Sichuan Ethnic Publishing House, Chengdu, August 1996. 131 pp. 19 cm. ISBN 7-5409-1779-2. Kham Region Famous People and Works Series. 39 sacrificial essays dedicated to Gesar by Jumipang Gyatso, famous Buddhist scholar in Kham and the most prolific author of Gesar studies, next only to the History of the Lang Family listed in Catalogue of Chinese Publications in Tibetan Studies (1949-1991).

Zhao Bingli, On Gesar Studies, Gansu Ethnic P ublishing House, Lanzhou, December 1996. 292 pp. 20 cm. ISBN 7-5421-0492 -6. Seven chapters. Chapters one to five: discussing epic theory, Tibet as the birthplace of the epic Gesar, artistic reproduction of ancient Tibetan tribal wars, relations between Tibetan Gesar and Mongolian Gesar, and the scientific system of Gesarology; Chapter Six: Marx and Engles on Epic; Chapter Seven: "A Bibliography of Gesar Studies in History." With a preface by Tian Chengping: "Eternal Hero Gesar."

Zhao Bingli, ed, A Collection of Papers on Gesarology (Vol. Ⅴ), Gansu Ethnic Publishing House, Lanzhou, November 1998. 1,014 pp. 26 cm. ISBN 7-5421-0609-0. Hardcover. A collection of 220 Gesar studies papers published from September 1993 to December 1997, of which 78 are published for the first time, 38 are addendums to the former 4 volumes, and 19 are supplements written by the editor. Three parts. First part: 128 papers on the study of Gesar under 12 subjects (preamble, general introduction, background of the time, editions, ideological content, characters studies, artistic attainments, entertainers studies, special themes studies, epic and religion, comparative study, and arts . Second part: 39 papers including "On the Exploration and Study of the Tibetan Epic Gesar." Third part: 39 papers including "A Tibetan Scholar Talks About Gesar-An Interview with Mr. RGod -Byang-bSe." With an introductory article by Geng Yufang and Jampal Gyatso, titled "Brief Review on A Collection of Papers on Gesarology. "

Office of "Gesar" Leading Group in Gansu Province, "Gesar Institute" of Northwest Institute for Ethnic Minorities, ed, Gesar Journal, Gansu Ethnic Publishing House, Lanzhou, December 1998. 255 pp . Illus. 20 cm. ISBN 7-5421-0622-8. A collection of theses of the Fourth International Symposium on "Gesar," 1996, including 10 papers, 5 reports about the development trend of Gesar studies and 2 investigation reports.

Jopa Dondrup, New Exposition on Difficult Points in "King Gesar," China Tibetology Publishing House, Beijing, February 2000. 263 pp. 20 cm. ISBN 7-80057-377-X. Sixteen theses dealing with Gesar studies survey, images of characters, language, religious faith, historical relics and ballad singing. With a p reface by Jampel Gyatso.

Life of King Gesar

Life of King Gesar: Envoy from the Heavenly Realm, Sichuan Ethnic Publishing House, Chengdu, September 1980. 122 pp. Illus. 20 cm. ISBN 7-5409-2131-5. A story about a divine son coming down to the human world to subdue demons at the repeated request of the Divine Dragon Army.

An Illustrated Catalogue of King Gesar of Ling and His Thirty-Six Generals, Qinghai Ethnic Publishing House, Xining, February 1996. 5 pp . 42 cm. ISBN 7-5420-0612-6. Thangkas about King Gesar, his wife Drumu, and the 36 famous generals and three senior statesmen of the Ling Kingdom.

Office of "Gesar" Leading Group in Gansu Province and "Gesar Institute" of Northwest Institute for Ethnic Minorities, ed, Gesar Library, Vol.Ⅰ, the Tibetan "Gesar" (Ⅰ): Growth of the Hero, Gansu Ethnic Publishing House, Lanzhou, June 1996. 816 pp. Illus. 26 cm. ISBN 7-5421-0441-1. Hardcover. Chinese_Tibetan bilingual edition. Edited and translated on the basis of the best of all the variant editions of the epic, with reference to relevant editions and other research finds, with deletions of repetitions, redundancies, religious preachings, stories deviating from the background of the times and episodes harmful to the artistic appeal of the epic.

Office of "Gesar" Leading Group in Gansu Province and "Gesar" I nstitute of Northwest Institute for Ethnic Minorities, ed, Gesar Library, Vol. Ⅲ, Tu People's "Gesar" (Ⅰ), Gansu Ethnic P ublishing House, Lanzhou, June 1996. 719 pp. Illus. 26 cm. ISBN 7-5421-0 442-X. Hardcover. Edited according to recordings of the epic sung by the Tu entertainer Wang Yongfu. Three parts: translation according to pronunciation recording and bilingual translation, collating and translating, and studies on solving problems.

Drakpa and Tibet University Gesar Studies Department, ed, The Birth History of Gesar, Ethnic Publishing House, Beijing, June 1996. 626 pp. 20 cm. ISBN 7-105-02579-4. A story about the historical background of King Gesar's birth, about his efforts to sweep away all demons in the human world and save the common people, build cities and open mines for the benefit of the people, and about his enthronement as the king.