Reform of the national supervision system
Reform of the national supervision system is an important, cross-cutting political institutional reform measure. Pilot reform projects were rolled out in November 2016 in Beijing, Shanxi, and Zhejiang to explore the feasibility of establishing supervisory commissions at the provincial and local levels.
The 19th CPC National Congress announced that China will deepen reform of the national supervision system, extend trial projects throughout the country, and establish supervisory commissions at the national, provincial, prefectural, and county levels, which work together with the Party's disciplinary inspection commissions as one office while keeping their own identity. This will ensure that supervision covers everyone working in the public sector who exercises public power. A national supervision law will be formulated. Supervisory commissions will be given responsibilities, powers, and means of investigation in accordance with law. The practice of shuanggui (A form of intraparty disciplinary action that requires a Party member under investigation to cooperate with questioning at a designated place and a designated time.) will be replaced by detention.
A draft decision on expanding pilot projects on reform of supervision system throughout the country was adopted in October 2017 by the Standing Committee of the 12th National People's Congress at its 30th session. By February 2018 supervisory commissions had been established at the provincial, prefectural and county levels across the country. On March 20, the First Session of the 13th NPC adopted the Supervision Law, and three days later, on March 23, the National Supervisory Commission began operation.
国家监察体制改革
国家监察体制改革是中国正在进行的一项事关全局的重大政治体制改革举措。2016年11月，中国在北京市、山西省、浙江省开展国家监察体制改革试点，探索在上述3省市设立各级监察委员会。党的十九大报告提出，深化国家监察体制改革，将试点工作在全国推开，组建国家、省、市、县监察委员会，同党的纪律检查机关合署办公，实现对所有行使公权力的公职人员监察全覆盖。制定国家监察法，依法赋予监察委员会职责权限和调查手段，用留置取代“两规”措施。2017年10月，十二届全国人大常委会第三十次会议审议通过全国人大常委会关于在全国各地推开国家监察体制改革试点工作的决定草案。2018年2月，全国省市县三级监察委员会全部组建完成；3月20日，第十三届全国人大一次会议表决通过了《中华人民共和国监察法》；3月23日，国家监察委员会正式挂牌。回看国家监察体制改革过程，党中央部署改革试点任务，全国人大紧紧跟上，通过三地改革试点方案和在全国推开改革试点工作的决定草案，做到了立法和改革决策紧密衔接，使重大改革于法有据、立法主动适应改革需要。