System of inspection
Inspection is an important means of conducting oversight inside the CPC. The Central Committee and the Party committees of provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the central government all have special organs through which to conduct inspections of the leading bodies and members of the Party organizations under their jurisdiction.
The system of inspection became one of the ten systems of intra-Party supervision in 2003; the system was included in the Constitution of the CPC at the 17th CPC National Congress in 2007; the Regulations on Inspection of the CPC (trial) were promulgated by the Central Committee in 2009; the Regulations on Inspection of the CPC were promulgated by the Central Committee in August 2015; and in May 2017, the Political Bureau of the Central Committee reviewed the Decision on Revising the Regulations on Inspection of the CPC, which was promulgated on July 1.
The Central Committee commands the overall work of inspection, and Party organizations at different levels hold corresponding responsibilities. Inspections are conducted based on facts and in accordance with the laws and regulations. The Party's mass line and democracy are followed. The Party organizations that conduct such inspections hold the primary responsibility. Inspection teams supervise the leading bodies and members of the Party organizations at lower levels, and they conduct special inspections, follow-up re-examinations, and random inspections if necessary.
Since 2012, the Central Committee has organized 12 rounds of inspection, covering all the Party organization above provincial level. Disciplinary inspections have cut like a blade through corruption and misconduct. They have become an effective way to massively improve Party conduct, uphold integrity, and combat corruption. Integrating intra-Party oversight and public supervision, they serve as an important channel for the Party organizations at higher levels to supervise their subordinate organizations, and contribute to the Party's exercise of full and strict self-governance.
巡视制度
巡视制度是中国共产党党内的一项重要制度，是指中央和省、自治区、直辖市党委，通过建立专门巡视机构，按照有关规定对下级党组织领导班子及其成员进行监督的制度。2003年，以党内法规的形式把巡视制度确定为党内监督的十项制度之一；2007年，党的十七大把巡视制度写入党章；2009年，党中央颁布实施《中国共产党巡视工作条例（试行）》；2015年8月，中共中央印发《中国共产党巡视工作条例》；2017年5月，中央政治局审议了《关于修改〈中国共产党巡视工作条例〉的决定》，并于7月1日正式颁布。按照规定，巡视工作坚持中央统一领导、分级负责；坚持实事求是、依法依规；坚持群众路线、发扬民主；开展巡视工作的党组织承担巡视工作的主体责任；巡视组的主要工作职责是对下级党组织领导班子及其成员进行监督；巡视的方式有专项巡视、“回头看”、“机动式”巡视等。十八大以来，中央一共组织了12轮巡视，巡视利剑作用彰显，实现中央和省级党委巡视全覆盖。实践证明，巡视制度是有效的、管用的。巡视工作成为党风廉政建设和反腐败斗争的重要平台，是党内监督和群众监督相结合的重要方式，是上级党组织对下级党组织监督的重要抓手，为全面从严治党提供了有力支撑。