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Nature Reserves

 

The first nature reserve in China was the Dinghushan Nature Reserve, established in 1956 near Zhaoqing City in Guangdong Province. The largest—the Sanjiangyuan Nature Reserve established in 2000 in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau—protects the sources of the Yangtze, Yellow and Lancang rivers.

 

The Yangtze and Yellow rivers go eastward into the sea before flowing through most parts of China. The Lancang River goes down to Sichuan and Yunnan provinces in southwest China and further to some southeast Asian countries where it is called the Mekong River. By the end of 2002, 1,757 nature reserves of various types covered 13.2 percent of China's land territory. Nature reserves play important roles in water conservation, soil protection, wind and sand prevention, and the stabilization of the regional climate; and a number of them are key areas for biodiversity protection in the world. Yunnan Province alone has 152 nature reserves, making it the province with the largest number of nature reserves in China. Twenty-two nature reserves—such as Wolong and Jiuzhaigou in Sichuan Province, Changbai Mountains in Jilin Province, Dinghushan in Guangdong Province and Baishuijiang in Gansu Province—have been included on the World Biosphere Reserves list by the UNESCO.

 

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