What is the attitude of Chinese urban residents towards private
property today? A recent sample survey shows 93 percent hope it can
be protected through amending the
Constitution. Meanwhile, 67.5 percent hold that private
property should not be requisitioned by the state without
compensation being negotiated between the two parties concerned.
The sample survey of more than 700 residents in Beijing, Shanghai
and Guangzhou was jointly conducted by the China Economic Situation
Monitoring Center and CCTV's China Financial and Economic Reports.
It showed most people still have lingering fears of increasing
wealth without related laws to offer protection. This is an
important reason behind the desire for constitutional protection.
On the other hand, the results also indicate a need to clarify the
concept of private property to avoid grievances developing among
residents.
Although the overwhelming majority favor a constitutional
amendment, there are differences over the timetable. Some 45.5
percent said action should be taken as soon as possible, since the
private economy now accounts for nearly 30 percent of national GDP,
and has long been affirmed by the Constitution as an important
component of the socialist market economy. So, there is no reason
to delay. But a further 47.5 percent cautioned against haste, since
this is a complicated and major issue needing full social
discussion and theoretical analysis.
The survey shows that, with the increasing extension of
non-governmental wealth, issues concerning the safety of private
property gradually have become conspicuous. Some 40.5 percent of
those sampled worry that private property would probably come under
attack at some time, while 34 percent thought there was no cause
for concern and 25.5 percent had no view. Basically, this forms a
comparatively average ideological distribution.
When asked why private property would come under attack, 30.3
percent residents cited lack of legal guarantees. An amendment to
the Constitution, passed by the National People's Congress (
NPC) in 1999, states that the non-public economy is an
important component of the socialist market economy; however, it is
not in the same rank with public property that the Constitution
describes as "sacred and inviolable." Some 29.8 percent of those
sampled were concerned about unfair treatment. The non-public
economy faces difficulties in market access, fund collection and
operational scale. Another 10.6 percent state that private property
would probably be nationalized again if not protected by state
laws.
The sample survey gives rise to a major debate on whether the state
can requisition private property through compensation payments.
Some 17.5 percent people agreed absolutely. Another 67.5 percent
welcomed compensation, as long as the amount can be agreed on
between the two parties concerned. They also think that, as the
owner of public property, the state should adhere not only to the
principle of a paid market deal, but also to the law of value and
the principle of consultation. But 15 percent did not agree with
the need for any paid requisition of private property.
(21dnn.com on March 26, 2002
and translated by Li Jingrong for china.org.cn, April 1, 2002)