Huang Zhendong worked as minister of communications for 12 years
and had been to Chongqing several times. But this time, he was to
take a thorough look around the historic city, famous for its heavy
industry. Now he is the secretary of Chongqing Municipal Committee
of the Communist Party of China.
The new secretary held a press conference at the on-going session
of the 10th National People's Congress and told of the city in his
eyes.
The Fifth Session of 8th National People's Congress adopted a plan
for changing Chongqing to the fourth municipality of China on March
14, 1997. Since then, Chongqing became a municipality, reporting
directly to central government. The other municipalities are
Beijing, Shanghai and Tianjin.
"Why did the central government decided to set Chongqing as a
municipality? Is it because of the Three Gorges Dam Project?" Huang
Zhendong said, "People like to ask those questions when we mention
Chongqing."
"I
don't think so. There are more reasons for Chongqing to become a
municipality," he said. After four months' research, Huang Zhendong
believes that the Three Gorges Project just brought an opportunity
for the development of Chongqing, and Chongqing has a special role
to play in the nation's social development strategy.
Huang introduces that the Three Gorges Dam is an unprecedented
cross-century project. It has as its main object the flood control,
power generation, navigation, water supply and environment
protection of the area. The project also presents daunting
problems. Resettlement of its population is one of the most
difficulty problems of the project, especially for Chongqing.
Chongqing has to move 1.03 million people from the reservoir area,
about 85.5 percent of the total emigration number in the reservoir
area. In order to make the project go smoothly, the central
government decided to make Chongqing the municipality in order to
better the program, and arrange and administer the emigration
problem. The decision of the central government is correct. Until
last year, more than 560,000 people were resettled. This looks like
it is on course for its date of June 1.
The central government hopes Chongqing will play more roles as the
only city directly under the central government in western China.
Huang believes the roles mean that: first, they will further
strengthen Chongqing's role as an economic center in the area
covering the upper reaches of the Yangtze River and in promoting
economic and social development of the area in the surrounding
lands. Second, Chongqing is not only an important heavy industrial
base of China but also the largest central city in areas drained by
the upper reaches of the Yangtze River.
Chongqing people will tell you that Chongqing has become more
beautiful in recent years. Local people are enjoying better
transportation facilities and a cleaner environment. Chongqing
people have also changed. They are more unified and
open-minded.
Huang said that according to the statistics in the last five years,
the whole economy of Chongqing has entered a new stage.
The GDP of Chongqing went from 137.5 billion yuan (US$16.61
billion) in 1997 to 197.1 billion yuan (US$23.81 billion) in 2002.
The GDP increases at an annual rate of 8.7 percent, 1 percentage
point higher than the nation level. The disposable income of urban
residents increases at an annual rate of 7.2 percent, from 5,323
yuan (US$643.11) in 1997 to 7,238 yuan (US$874.48) in 2002. The
usable income of rural residents increases at an annual rate of
5.54 percent, from 1643 yuan (US$198.50) in 1997 to 2098 yuan
(US$253.47) in 2002, higher than the 1.74 percent annual rate of
the nation.
Chongqing has made great achievements in urban construction. The
tidy Hongyan Square, newly renovated Gele Mountain Revolution
History Museum and the Yang Jiapin pedestrian street are the new
landscapes of the city. In the past five years, Chongqing has made
great efforts on these projects and attempted to establish the
urban area as a garden city with beautiful scenery and also to
green the Three Gorges Dam reservoir area.
Now, the afforestation coverage of the reservoir area is 27.2
percent, and the environment of the city has improved. The city's
traffic become smoother, the history of hilly and rugged roads in
Chongqing has been changed. Nowadays, Chongqing has more than 20
bridges crossing the Yangtze River and the Jialing River.
How to make greater progress? Huang Zhendong suggested that
Chongqing has made three steps to build an affluent society,
according to the demands of the 16th National Congress of the
Communist Party of China.
First, its GDP will reach 265 billion yuan (US$32.02 billion) and
the per capita share of GDP will reach US$1,000 in 2005. The local
government will facilitate the smooth implementation of the
strategy geared to move people out of the reservoir area, fight
against poverty, reform China's state companies and protect its
environment.
Second, GDP will reach 430 billion yuan (US$51.95 billion)and the
per capita share of GDP will reach US$1800 in 2010. At the same
time the government will finish building the basic framework that
will turn Chongqing into an economic center on the upper reaches of
the Yangtze River.
At
last, GDP will reach 950 billion to 1 trillion yuan (US$114.78 to
120.82 billion) and the per capita share of GDP will reach US$3500
by 2020. Local people will live in an affluent society and
Chongqing will be the economic center of the upper reaches of the
Yangtze River.
Huang said that Chongqing will invest 100 billion yuan (US$12.08
billion) on the construction of 1,600 km expressway and 3,000 km
highway. The shipping and the waterway situation will be greatly
improved after the Three Gorges Dam is completed. At that time,
3,000 ton ships will be able to enter Chongqing through the Yangtze
River directly.
(China.org.cn by Staff Reporter Yan Xinxia, translated by Wu
Nanlan, March 15, 2003)