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Home > Learning English > Exam Writing
托福考试写作四大必杀技

很多初次接触考试的学生总是非常担心写作的综合写作部分,也就是我们说的小作文。他们常提出这样的疑问:“怎么考得这么变态啊?读了又听再写!”其实大家完全不必为此如此焦虑,等看完下面的文章,读完下面的四大必杀技,我相信你一定会豁然开朗!

  首先,summarize,也就是概括阅读和听力文章的主要内容和各三个分论点。这其实就是Introduction要写的内容,掌握了概括,第一段就不成问题咯!

  其次,paraphrase,也就是改写。掌握好了改写句子,你写起文章来将会感觉到如鱼得水,游刃有余。改写其实主要有下面的两种方法:

  第一,使用不同的词汇

  a. 使用同义词。比如以下的一些写作高频词汇的同义词,出现的尤为频繁,你一定要掌握。

  important essential / crucial / vital / significant;

  think claim / believe / consider / deem / figure out;

  nowadays currently / at present / now / recently / in recent years / these days

  b. 改变词性。这是一种稍微难一些的方法,要求你的语法基础非常好,你才能灵活自如的运用。

  n. v.

  EgWhen we look at a comparison between A and B…

  → When we compare A and B…

  adj. n.

  EgThere are a variety of solutions to the problem.

  → There are various solutions to the problem.

  c. 使用不同的承接词。承接词在文章当中的使用相当频繁,不仅是段落和段落的连接,还包括句子和句子的连接。背住一些常用的承接词比你的改写将会有极大的作用。

  because of due to / owing to / because / as / since / for;

  but however / nevertheless / nonetheless / whereas;

  so therefore / hence / thus / consequently

  d. 形容词的逆向表达。在某些形容词上进行修改,会达到非比寻常的效果。

  Egnot as easy as… more difficult than…;

  not uncommon common;

  the cheapest the least expensive

  第二,使用不同的句型

  a. 改变词序。这是非常简单的一种方法,完全不用动脑筋就可以进行改写。常常将句子中的状语(包括状语从句)换位置。

  EgFor many years, people have believed…

  → People believed… for many years.

b. 主动语态和被动语态的互相替换。

EgTrained scientists performed this research.

  → This research was performed by trained scientists.

c. 使用“there be”句型。可以将一个简单句,马上变成一个加入定语从句或者分词的复杂句。

EgSeveral computer programs can be used to solve this problem.

  → There are several computer programs that can be used to solve this problem.There are several computer programs used to solve this problem.

  d. 定语从句、分词和插入语的互相替换。 

  EgStudy…, conducted by sociologists in 2004, shows that…

  → Study…, which was conducted by sociologists in 2004, shows that…

  EgThis…, which is one of the most powerful… in the world, has…

  →This…, one of the most powerful… in the world, has…

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