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最给力的托福写作“不”字准则

       作为新托福写作考试的第2部分,独立写作要求考生在30分钟内完成一篇字数在300字左右的议论文。而根据对ETS最新的评分标准的解读,我们发现阅卷者评判考生的文章遵循的原则是:“Readers should focus on what the examinee does well”。这就意味着整个评分过程是考察考生表现出优点的过程,而并非对考生的文章吹毛求疵的过程。因此,即使是一篇满分的文章,也是允许考生有少量的错误。在本章中,专家将就独立写作部分的评分原则进行深入的分析。

       一、不准字数不够

       对于独立写作的字数要求,官方的说法是:“An effective response is typically about 300 words long. If you write fewer than 300 words, you may still receive a top score, but experience has shown that shorter responses typically do not demonstrate the development of ideas needed to earn a score of 5”。

       可见,若想得到高分,考生最好能将文章写到300字以上,虽然有些文章字数不足但仍可得到满分,但是毕竟这种情况比较罕见,要充分对于考题展开论述,从而有利地支持文章观点,充足的字数是必须的。

       二、不准文章模式化

       文章的发展指的是运用例子、细节和理由来支持你在文章中所阐述的观点。朗阁海外考试研究中心分析发现,阅卷者不希望看到考生为了凑字数而过多使用一些“模式化”的单词或句子来发展文章,也不愿意看到考生过多抄袭或者沿用题目中的句子。他们会考察考生在用自己的话论述观点上的能力。比如:

       Some people say that advertising encourage us to buy things we really do not need. Others say that advertisements tell us about new products that may improve our lives. Yes, it is. I buyed much, because TV ads.

       显然,这个考生除了增加几个单词外,只是完全抄袭了写作题目,而且没有关于文章话题的发展。并且出现了低级拼写错误和连词使用错误,因此属于0分的文章。我们再来看看这个例子:

       The importance of the issue raised by the posed statement, namely creating a new holiday for people, can not be underestimated as it concerns the very fabric of society. As it stands, the issue of creating a new holiday raises profound implications for the future. However, although the subject matter in general can not be dismissed lightheartedly, the perspective of the issue as presented by the statement raises certain qualms regarding practical application.

       这个考生虽然写了很多字,但是没有发展出任何真正的主题,这个在独立写作中都是很忌讳的事情。

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