蔡名照在第六届北京人权论坛开幕式上的致辞（全文）
Full text: Cai Mingzhao's address at 6th Beijing Forum on Human Rights
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| 9月12日，由中国人权研究会和中国人权发展基金会共同主办的第六届北京人权论坛在北京开幕，国务院新闻办公室主任蔡名照致辞。[中国网] Cai Mingzhao, Minister of the Information Office of the State Council, delivers a speech at the opening ceremony of the 6th Beijing Forum on Human Rights on Sept. 12, 2013. [China.org.cn] |
![9月12日，由中国人权研究会和中国人权发展基金会共同主办的第六届北京人权论坛在北京开幕，国务院新闻办公室主任蔡名照致辞。[中国网]](http://images.china.cn/attachement/jpg/site1007/20130913/001ec949ff5c139cb45805.jpg "9月12日，由中国人权研究会和中国人权发展基金会共同主办的第六届北京人权论坛在北京开幕，国务院新闻办公室主任蔡名照致辞。[中国网]")
| 9月12日，国务院新闻办公室主任蔡名照出席第六届北京人权论坛开幕式，并发表致辞。全文如下： | Cai Mingzhao, Minister of the Information Office of the State Council, delivered a speech at the opening ceremony of the 6th Beijing Forum on Human Rights on Sept. 12, 2013. Here is the full text of the speech: |
| 尊敬的万鄂湘副委员长、罗豪才会长、黄孟复理事长， 各位来宾， 女士们、先生们、朋友们： |
Honorable Vice-chairman Wan Exiang, President Luo Haocai and Chairman Huang Mengfu, Honorable guests, Ladies, gentlemen and friends, |
| 大家上午好！ | Good morning! |
| 今天，由中国人权研究会和中国人权发展基金会共同主办的第六届“北京人权论坛”开幕了。在这仲秋九月，来自多国的人权专家及相关人士相聚一堂，共话人权发展大计，无疑有着非常积极的意义。在这里，我代表中国国务院新闻办公室对论坛的召开表示热烈祝贺，向出席论坛的各位朋友表示诚挚欢迎！ | Today, we are gathered to welcome the opening of the Sixth Beijing Forum on Human Rights, which is co-sponsored by the China Society for Human Rights Studies and the China Foundation for Human Rights Development. Undoubtedly it is of positive significance that human rights experts and scholars in the international human rights field from many countries in the world have assembled together in this golden season to plan human rights development. On behalf of the State Council Information Office of China, I would like to express warm congratulations to the opening of this forum, and sincere welcome to friends in attendance. |
| 享有充分的人权，是人类共同的追求。长期以来，各国人民为争取人权进行了不懈努力，取得了重大成果，但是距离达到享有充分的人权这一崇高目标仍然任重道远。本届论坛主题为“建设可持续的人权发展环境”。这一主题内涵丰富，意义高远，值得我们深入思考和研究。人权的发展与国家、社会的发展紧密相关，国家、社会的可持续发展是人权可持续发展的基础。如何建设可持续发展的人权发展环境，已经成为当今各国政府治国理政的重要议题。 | The full enjoyment of human rights is a common pursuit of mankind. For long, people of all countries have made unremitting efforts and thus important progress in striving for human rights, but it is still a long run to reach the sublime goal of full enjoyment of human rights. This session of the Forum is themed with the "construction of environment for sustainable human rights development". With abundant contents and profound meanings, this theme especially deserves our deep speculation and research. Human rights development is closely related to the development of the country and society involved, and the sustainable development of the country and society is the foundation of sustainable human rights development. How to construct the environment for sustainable human rights development has become an important subject for the governments of all countries today. |
| 女士们，先生们， | Ladies and gentlemen, |
| 尊重和保障人权是中国共产党和中国各级国家机关的意志和行动。中国共产党和中国政府把尊重和保障人权作为治国理政的重要原则，将人权的普遍性原则与中国实际相结合，从中国国情出发，把保障人民的生存权、发展权放在首位。多年来，中国坚持以经济建设为中心，坚持以人为本，将人权事业的发展与经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设和生态文明建设相结合，努力做到全面协调可持续发展，成功地走出了一条符合本国国情的人权发展道路，人权保障水平不断得到提高。 | The CPC and all levels of governmental departments of China has not only resolved to respect and guarantee human rights, but put it into practice. Both the CPC and the Chinese government view the respect and protection of human rights as an important principle in governing the country, combine the principle of universality of human rights with the reality in China, and in reference to the situation of China, give priority to the guarantee of the people's rights to subsistence and development. For years, China has adhered to economic construction as a central task, and combined the cause of human rights development with economic construction, political construction, cultural construction, social construction and ecological civilization construction, trying hard for the all-round, harmonious and sustainable development. In doing so, it has found a path of human rights development suitable to the situation of China, and the levels of human rights protection have been constantly upgraded. |
| 在经济建设方面，中国通过发展经济来扩大城乡就业，增加居民收入和家庭财产收入，改善人民衣食住行用等条件，维护了弱势群体权益，使公民经济权利得到切实保障。这里有一组数字可以说明问题。2012年中国GDP占世界比重由1980年的1.89%（按美元汇率计算）增至11.57%，人均GDP有205美元（按美元汇率计算）增至6064美元，增长了近30倍。贫困人口比例从1980年的84%降到2012年的13%。 | For economic construction, China engages in economic development to boost employment both in urban and rural areas, increase residents' incomes and households' property incomes, and improve people's living conditions, involving their basic everyday needs. By doing so, it has protected the rights and interest of the disadvantaged groups, and practically guaranteed the citizens' economic rights. Here, I have a set of data as evidence. In 2012, the proportion of China's GDP to the world increased from 1.89% (by the exchange rate of US dollars) in 1980 to 11.57%, and its per capita GDP grew up from 205 US dollars (by the exchange rate of US dollars) to 6,064, with an increase nearly 30 times. In comparison, the proportion of population in poverty decreased from 84% in 1980 to 13% in 2012. |
| 在政治建设方面，中国坚持积极稳妥推进政治体制改革，扩大社会主义民主，加快建设社会主义法治国家。中国努力健全民主制度，丰富民主形式，扩大公民有序政治参与，保证公民依法行使民主权利。不断深化行政体制改革，推进司法体制和工作机制改革，保障人民依法享有广泛权利和自由。截至2012年底，全国98%以上的村委会实行了直接选举，村民平均参选率达到95%。截至2012年底，中国已制定现行宪法和有效法律243部、行政法规721部、地方性法规9200部，中国特色社会主义法律体系已经形成，这是中国人权事业发展的一个重要标志，中国人权的保障已经实现法制化。 | For political construction, China insists on actively and properly pushing forward its political structure reform, spreading socialist democracy, and speeding up the construction of a socialist country of governance by law. China has strived for improving its democratic system, enriching its democratic forms, extending the citizens' orderly participation in politics, and guaranteeing the citizens' exercise of democratic rights by law. Meanwhile, it has constantly deepened the reform of its political system, boosted the reform of its judicial system and work mechanism, and guaranteed the people's enjoyment of extensive rights and freedom by law. At the end of 2012, more than 98% village committees all over the country realized direct selection, and villagers' average participation reached 95%. By the end of 2012, Chinese has formulated the current constitution and 242 valid laws, 721 administrative rules and regulations, and 9,200 local regulations. A socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics has been formed. That is an important mark for the cause of human rights development in China, and the protection of human rights in China has been legalized. |
| 在文化建设方面，中国不断深化文化体制改革，解放和发展文化生产力，激发全民族文化创造活力，公民享受文化成果的权利、参与文化活动和文化事务管理的权利、开展文化创造的权利以及文化成果受法律保护的权利均得到前所未有的提高。以公民享有的文化信息服务为例，目前，中国10%的行政村和95%的20户以上的自然村通上电话，100%的乡镇基本具备互联网接入能力，100%的乡镇和88%的行政村通宽带。广播节目综合人口覆盖率为97.5%,电视节目综合人口覆盖率为98.2%。 | For cultural construction, China continues to deepen the reform of its cultural system, emancipate and develop cultural productive forces, activate the cultural creativity of the whole nation. As a result, it has unprecedentedly improved the citizens' rights to enjoy cultural achievements, participate in cultural activities and cultural affairs management, make cultural creation and have their cultural achievements protected by laws. Take the cultural information service for an example, which the citizens have enjoyed. At present, all administrative villages and 95% natural villages with more than 20 households have access to telephones, all towns and townships have basic access to the internet, all towns and townships and 88% administrative villages have access to broadband. Radio broadcast programs have a comprehensive coverage of 97.5% of the total population, and television programs have a comprehensive coverage of 98.2% of the whole population. |
| 在社会建设方面，中国切实解决好人民最关心最直接最现实的利益问题，维护最广大人民的根本利益，公民的社会保障权利、健康权利和受教育权利都得到了更好保障。中国以保障和改善民生为重点，进一步健全基本公共服务体系，社会保障体制建设成效显著，基本公共服务水平和均等化程度明显提高。经过多年不懈努力，中国从制度上实现了基本养老和基本医疗保障对城乡居民的全覆盖。到2012年底，各项养老保险参保达到7.9亿人，各项医疗保险参保超过13亿人。 | For social construction, China practically solves such most practicable issues as are most directly related to the interest of the people and concern the latter to the maximum, and guarantees the fundamental interest of the largest possible number of the people; accordingly, the citizens' rights to social insurance, health and education have received better protection. China lays emphasis on the guarantee and improvement of people's living conditions, and further improves basic public service systems. Accordingly, it has achieved remarkably in the construction of social insurance systems, and the levels and average levels of basic public service have been obviously increased. With years' unremitting efforts, China has institutionally realized the overall coverage of basic endowment insurance and basic health insurance both in urban and rural areas. By the end of 2012, the people participating in various endowment insurance have amounted up to 790 million, and the people participating in various health medical insurance have exceeded 1.3 billion. |
| 在生态文明建设方面，坚持树立尊重自然、顺应自然、保护自然的生态文明理念，坚持环境保护这一基本国策，将生态文明建设放在突出地位，努力建设美丽中国，切实保障公民的环境权益。2008年至2012年，累计淘汰落后炼铁产能1.17亿吨、炼钢产能7800万吨、水泥产能7.75亿吨，单位国内生产总值能耗下降17.2%，化学需氧量、二氧化硫排放总量分别下降15.7%和17.5%。2012年，细颗粒物（PM2.5）被纳入空气质量常规监测指标。 | For ecological civilization construction, China insists on developing the ecological conception of respecting, conforming to and protecting nature, adheres to the basic national policy of environmental protection, gives an eminent place to the construction of ecological civilization, endeavors to build a beautiful China, and practically protects the citizens' rights and interests in terms of environment. From 2008 to 2012, China had eliminated a 117 million tons backward iron smelting capacity, a 78 million tons steel smelting capacity and a 775-ton cement productive capacity, its energy consumption of unit GDP decreased 17.2%, its total chemical consumption of oxygen and total emission of carbon dioxide respectively decreased 15.7% and 17.5%. In 2012, fine particulate matters (PM2.5) were included as a regular supervision index of air quality. |
| 女士们，先生们， | Ladies and gentlemen, |
| 人权发展没有最好，只有更好。中国人权事业取得了有目共睹的巨大成就，但中国仍是世界上最大的发展中国家，人口多，区域差异大，环境和生态保护压力大，发展中不平衡、不协调、不可持续问题依然突出。国家各项事业发展中关系人民群众切身利益的问题还较多，在进一步改善民生和人权保障方面还面临着不少的挑战，需要继续付出艰苦努力加以解决。中国已经制定了两期《国家人权行动计划》。《国家人权行动计划（2009-2010年）》如期完成，终期评估结果表明，各项措施均得以有效实施，各项目标均得以实现，其中约35%的约束性指标、50%以上的涉民生指标提前或超额完成。目前，《国家人权行动计划（2012-2015年）》正在实施之中。 | For human rights development, there is no best, only better. The cause of human rights of China has attained enormous achievements obvious to everyone, but China is still the largest developing country in the world, and still facing such problems as an excessively large population and great regional disparities, its environmental and ecological protection is enduring considerable pressure, and its development is still threatened by imbalance, disharmony and unsustainability. In the development of its various causes, there are still many problems concerning the actual interest of the people, and the improvement of the people's living conditions and the protection of human rights are still facing many challenges. All these have to be solved with more strenuous efforts. China has formulated two sessions of the National Human Rights Action Plan. The National Human Rights Action Plan (2009—2010) was implemented on schedule, and all goals in the Plan have been achieved, in particular, about 35% constraint indexes and more than 50% indexes concerning the people's living conditions have been fulfilled in ahead of the schedule or overfulfilled. Now, the National Human Rights Action Plan (2012—2015) is being put into practice. |
| 去年，中国共产党第十八次全国代表大会胜利召开。在继“人权”分别庄严载入中国宪法、国民经济和社会发展规划以及中国共产党党章之后，这次大会又将“人权得到切实尊重和保障”确立为全面建成小康社会的奋斗目标之一。这次大会明确提出，在中国共产党成立一百年时（2021年）全面建成小康社会，在新中国成立一百年时（2049年）建成富强、民主、文明、和谐的社会主义现代化国家。以此次大会为标志，中国特色社会主义事业站在了新的历史起点上，中国人权事业的发展也开启了新时代。 | Last year, the 18th National Congress of the CPC was successfully held. After "human rights" were respectively written into the Constitution of the PRC, the plans for national economy and social development and the Constitution of the CPC, this Conference once again established the "practical respect and protection of human rights" as one of the goals for the building of a better-off society. This Conference specifically proposed to build up a better-off society at the hundredth anniversary of the founding of the CPC (2021), and a wealthy, powerful, democratic, civilized and harmonious modernized socialist country at the hundredth anniversary of the founding of the PRC (2049). This Conference marks a new historic start point of the socialist cause with Chinese characteristics, and the beginning of a new era of the cause of human rights development of China. |
| 实现“两个一百年”的奋斗目标，实现国家富强、民族振兴、人民幸福的“中国梦”，是中华民族孜孜以求的质朴理想和美好愿景，是中国各族人民的共同追求。“中国梦”与中国人权事业同根同源，是国家梦、民族梦、个人梦的有机统一。在实现“中国梦”的过程中，每一个中国人只要抓住机会，就能够使人生出彩，梦想成真，同国家一起成长和进步，不断使自己得到全面发展，并更加充分地享有各项基本权利。 | The goal of the two "hundredth anniversaries" and the "Chinese dream" about the prosperity of the country, the invigoration of the nation and the happiness of the people are the simple ideal and good wish that the Chinese nation has persistently sought for, and the common pursuit of people of all the ethnic groups of China. The "Chinese dream" has the same source as the cause of human rights in China does, and is the organic unity of the state's dream, the nation's dream and individuals' dream. In realizing the "Chinese dream", each Chinese can live a wonderful life, make his or her dream come true, grow up and make progress together with the country, allow himself an all-round development, and the better enjoyment of various basic rights, so long as he grasps his opportunity. |
| 国家富强、民族振兴 、人民幸福，不仅是中国人民的追求，也是世界各国人民的愿望。“中国梦”与各国梦、与世界梦相通相连。“中国梦”不仅造福中国人民，也造福全人类。中国坚持顺应国际大势，坚持和平的发展、开放的发展、合作的发展、共赢的发展。中国一方面给世界带来机会，提供了发展空间和条件，另一方面，中国也认真履行自己承担的国际义务和责任，是一个负责任的发展中国家。中国一贯尊重包括《世界人权宣言》在内的国际人权文书所确立的促进和保护人权的基本原则，支持联合国为促进人权和基本自由所做的努力，建设性参与联合国人权事务，认真履行根据已参加人权公约承担的义务，积极开展国际人权交流与合作。国际人权准则归根结底要通过各主权国家来具体实施。由于历史文化、社会制度、经济发展水平等各方面的差异，各国自然会有自己的人权发展模式，各国间彼此应该相互学习，取长补短。中国愿在平等和相互尊重的基础上，与世界各国就人权议题进行对话和交流，增进了解，缩小分歧，相互借鉴，共同进步。 | The prosperity of the country, the invigoration of the nation and the happiness of the people are not only the pursuit of the Chinese people, but also the wish of people of all the other countries in the world. The "Chinese dream" is related to and consistent with the dreams of all the other countries and the world. The "Chinese dream" not only benefits the Chinese people, but the whole mankind. China insists on conforming to overall international situation, and adheres to peaceful, open, cooperational and win-win development. On the one hand, China creates opportunities for the world and provides space and conditions for development; on the other hand, China earnestly undertakes its own international obligations and responsibilities, and is a responsible large developing country. All along, China has respected the basic principles of promoting and guaranteeing human rights established by international human rights documents such as the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, supported the UN's efforts to promote human rights and basic freedom, constructively taken part in the UN's human rights affairs, earnestly fulfilled the obligations in the light of the conventions it has taken part in, and actively transacted international exchanges and cooperation in human rights. The international principles of human rights have to be implemented through countries with sovereignty after all. Due to differences in history, culture, social system and the levels of economic development, each country will certainly have its development mode of human rights, and all countries should learn from each other to improve themselves. On the basis of equality and mutual respect, China is willing to have dialogs and exchanges in human rights with all countries in the world, improve mutual understanding, decrease dissension, learn from each other and make progress together. |
| 女士们，先生们， | Ladies and gentlemen, |
| 自2008年以来，“北京人权论坛”已连续成功举办到第六届，取得了一系列非常有价值的成果。在来自世界各地的人权专家学者、知名人士和政府官员的支持参与下，本论坛越办越好，影响越来越大，已成为在人权领域进行国际交流的一个知名的高端学术平台。大家通过这一平等、开放的平台，就共同关心的人权理论与实践进行探讨，促进了解，扩大共识，增进友谊，对推动国际人权领域的交流与合作做出了积极贡献。接下来的两天，各位来宾将围绕“建设可持续的人权发展环境”这一主题进行探讨。我相信，通过坦诚交流和深入探讨，大家会对如何建设可持续的人权发展环境提出更多启发性的见解，达成更多共识，凝聚更多智慧。 | Since 2008, the Beijing Forum on Human Rights has been successfully held for six sessions, and obtained a series of very valuable achievements. With the support and participation of experts and scholars in human rights, distinguished personages and governmental officials from all over the world, the Forum has been better and better, with its influence growing, and has become a famous advanced academic platform for international exchanges in the field of human rights. Through this equal and open platform, people discuss the theories and practice of human rights that they are commonly concerned with, improving mutual understanding, developing common views, and deepening friendship. In a word, the Forum has made positive contributions to the exchanges and cooperation in the field of international human rights. In the next two days, guests will have discussion around the "construction of environment for sustainable human rights development". I am convinced that through sincere exchanges and profound discussion, people will offer more inspiring ideas, reach more consensuses and collect more wisdom on how to construct the environment for sustainable human rights development. |
| 最后，祝大家在北京工作顺利，生活愉快！预祝第六届“北京人权论坛”圆满成功！ | At last, I wish you to work smoothly and live happily in Beijing, and wish a success to the Sixth Beijing Forum on Human Rights. |
| 谢谢大家！ | Thank you. |
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