中国政府关于菲律宾所提南海仲裁案管辖权问题的立场文件
Chinese government's position paper on matter of jurisdiction in South China Sea arbitration initiated by Philippines
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| 一、引言 | I. Introduction |
| 1. 2013年1月22日，菲律宾共和国外交部照会中华人民共和国驻菲律宾大使馆称，菲律宾依据1982年《联合国海洋法公约》（以下简称《公约》）第二百八十七条和附件七的规定，就中菲有关南海“海洋管辖权”的争端递交仲裁通知，提起强制仲裁。2013年2月19日，中国政府退回菲律宾政府的照会及所附仲裁通知。中国政府多次郑重声明，中国不接受、不参与菲律宾提起的仲裁。 | 1. On 22 January 2013, the Department of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of the Philippines presented a note verbale to the Embassy of the People' s Republic of China in the Philippines, stating that the Philippines submitted a Notification and Statement of Claim in order to initiate compulsory arbitration proceedings under Article 287 and Annex VII of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea ( "Convention" ) with respect to the dispute with China over "maritime jurisdiction" in the South China Sea. On 19 February 2013, the Chinese Government rejected and returned the Philippines' note verbale together with the attached Notification and Statement of Claim. The Chinese Government has subsequently reiterated that it will neither accept nor participate in the arbitration thus initiated by the Philippines. |
| 2. 本立场文件旨在阐明仲裁庭对于菲律宾提起的仲裁没有管辖权，不就菲律宾提请仲裁事项所涉及的实体问题发表意见。本立场文件不意味着中国在任何方面认可菲律宾的观点和主张，无论菲律宾有关观点或主张是否在本立场文件中提及。本立场文件也不意味着中国接受或参与菲律宾提起的仲裁。 | 2. This Position Paper is intended to demonstrate that the arbitral tribunal established at the request of the Philippines for the present arbitration ( "Arbitral Tribunal" ) does not have jurisdiction over this case. It does not express any position on the substantive issues related to the subject-matter of the arbitration initiated by the Philippines. No acceptance by China is signified in this Position Paper of the views or claims advanced by the Philippines, whether or not they are referred to herein. Nor shall this Position Paper be regarded as China' s acceptance of or participation in this arbitration. |
| 3. 本立场文件将说明：菲律宾提请仲裁事项的实质是南海部分岛礁的领土主权问题，超出《公约》的调整范围，不涉及《公约》的解释或适用；以谈判方式解决有关争端是中菲两国通过双边文件和《南海各方行为宣言》所达成的协议，菲律宾单方面将中菲有关争端提交强制仲裁违反国际法；即使菲律宾提出的仲裁事项涉及有关《公约》解释或适用的问题，也构成中菲两国海域划界不可分割的组成部分，而中国已根据《公约》的规定于2006年作出声明，将涉及海域划界等事项的争端排除适用仲裁等强制争端解决程序。因此，仲裁庭对菲律宾提起的仲裁明显没有管辖权。基于上述，并鉴于各国有权自主选择争端解决方式，中国不接受、不参与菲律宾提起的仲裁有充分的国际法依据。 |
3. This Position Paper will elaborate on the following positions: The essence of the subject-matter of the arbitration is the territorial sovereignty over several maritime features in the South China Sea, which is beyond the scope of the Convention and does not concern the interpretation or application of the Convention; China and the Philippines have agreed, through bilateral instruments and the Declaration on the Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea, to settle their relevant disputes through negotiations. By unilaterally initiating the present arbitration, the Philippines has breached its obligation under international law; Even assuming, arguendo, that the subject-matter of the arbitration were concerned with the interpretation or application of the Convention, that subject-matter would constitute an integral part of maritime delimitation between the two countries, thus falling within the scope of the declaration filed by China in 2006 in accordance with the Convention, which excludes, inter alia, disputes concerning maritime delimitation from compulsory arbitration and other compulsory dispute settlement procedures; Consequently, the Arbitral Tribunal manifestly has no jurisdiction over the present arbitration. Based on the foregoing positions and by virtue of the freedom of every State to choose the means of dispute settlement, China' s rejection of and non-participation in the present arbitration stand on solid ground in international law. |
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