美国全国广播公司记者：得益于较好的国际环境和贸易体系，过去的十年，是中国经济发展最快的十年。在您任期的最后一年，特别是考虑到不久前在波士顿的国际码头工人协会向您授予奖项，如果您只能做一件事来使中美经贸关系实现再平衡，为更多的美国工人创造就业机会，您将会做什么事？ 有些批评人士表示中国扭曲了国际竞争，使贸易对自己有利，您是否会考虑改革中国的贸易体系？

温家宝：最近美国码头工人协会授予我一个“美国工人之友奖”，这个奖与其说是授予我的，不如说是中美经贸互利共赢的一个范例。

记者先生提到，如果我做一件事能够缓解中美贸易的不平衡，那么我选择哪一件事情。其实这个问题我已经深思熟虑很久了，并且在2009年和2011年两次同奥巴马总统做了深谈。我以为解决中美贸易的不平衡，以及由此引起的各种困难和摩擦，还是要通过合作的办法。

因此，我比较完整地提出了关于促进中美经贸、金融与投资合作的一揽子计划的建议。它包括：

进一步发展中美之间的双向贸易。中国扩大美国产品的进口，美国要开放美国产品的出口，取消限制。其次，加强双向投资。两国应该为投资创造有利条件，并实行投资保护。第三，加强两国在新能源、新材料、节能环保、航天航空等高科技领域的合作，开辟新的合作领域。第四，加强基础设施建设的合作，并使这种合作与金融合作相联系。就是说中国将投资美国的基础设施建设，而扩大美国工人的就业。这是一举双得的事情。

奥巴马总统非常重视我的建议，双方已经就此进行研究。我相信合作比对抗好，只要循着这条正确的路子走下去，中美经贸关系会走上一条健康、持久发展的道路。

至于你说到美国关心中国贸易体系改革的问题，如果讲得明确一点，主要指三个问题：

第一，就是进出口的基本平衡。我可以明确地告诉你，在2011年中国经常性账户占GDP的比重已经达到2.8%，小于3%的国际公认标准。也就是说在国际收支和货物贸易上，中国已经实现了基本平衡。

第二，汇率，这是美国关注的。从2005年汇改以来，中国实际有效汇率已经提高30%。请记者先生注意一种现象：从去年9月份开始，在香港市场无本金远期交割，也就是所谓NDF，开始双向波动。这就告诉我们，中国的人民币汇率有可能已经接近均衡水平。我们将继续加大汇改的力度，特别是较大幅度地实行双向的波动。

第三，我们将坚持多哈回合的原则，主张自由贸易、反对保护主义。谢谢。

NBC: Overall, the past 10 years have seen China's fastest economic growth thanks in part to a benign international environment and trading system. With due respect, Premier Wen, in your last year in office, if you would have one thing that you can be allowed to do to re-balance the U.S.-China economic relationship that can create American jobs for example, in keeping with the award bestowed to you recently in Boston by the International Longshoremen's Association, then what is the thing that you would like to do? Would you consider, for example, reforming China's trade regime that some American critics say distorts global competition in China's favor?

Wen Jiabao: Not long ago, the International Longshoremen's Association in the United States gave me the award of "Best Friend of the American Worker." I am the recipient of this award, but I would rather see this award as a strong example showing that the business relationship between China and the United States is of mutual benefit.

You asked me if there is one thing that I can do to ease the trade imbalance between China and the United States, what would it be? As a matter of fact, I have been thinking about this issue for a long time. In 2009 and 2011, I had thorough exchanges of views with President Barack Obama of the United States. I believe to ease the trade imbalance between the two countries and resolve the difficulties and frictions in our business ties, we still need to rely on cooperation.

For that purpose, I have set out to the U.S. side a package proposal that suggests the two countries embrace stronger business, financial and investment cooperation. The main contents of my proposal are as follows:

First, we need to further enhance two-way trade between China and the United States. China is ready to buy more from the United States, and the United States needs to ease its restrictions on the export of certain goods to China. Second, the two countries should work together to increase mutual investment. Both sides need to create favorable conditions for mutual investment and protect such investments. Third, we need to enhance cooperation in hi-tech fields covering new materials, new energy sources, energy conservation, environmental protection, aviation and space so that we can open up new dimensions for China-U.S. cooperation. Fourth, we need to enhance our cooperation in infrastructure development, and bring it in line with our financial cooperation. That means China is ready to invest in the infrastructure construction in the United States, and that will help generate local jobs. I believe this is of mutual benefit.

President Obama has attached high importance to my proposal, and competent authorities of the two sides are studying it. I believe that cooperation is better than confrontation. As long as we continue to move in this right direction, the business ties between China and the United States will enjoy sustained and sound growth.

With respect to your question concerning possible reform of China's trading system, I would like to make three points:

First, on the basic balance between imports and exports, I would like to tell you that in 2011, the current account surplus of China as a share of the GDP came down to 2.8 percent, which is below the 3 percent level that is internationally recognized as appropriate. This shows that China has achieved basic equilibrium in its international balance of payments and trade in goods.

Second, the Renminbi exchange rate is of high interest to the U.S. side. Since we launched the reform of the Renminbi exchange rate formation mechanism in 2005, the real effective exchange rate of the Chinese currency has appreciated by about 30 percent. I want to draw your attention to such a phenomenon, that is, since last September, the Renminbi exchange rate has experienced two-way flotation on the Hong Kong NDF market. This shows that the Renminbi exchange rate may have approached an equilibrium level. We will press ahead with the reform of the Renminbi exchange rate formation mechanism. In particular, we welcome greater elasticity of the Renminbi exchange rate.

Third, we will adhere to the purpose of the Doha round negotiations, support free trade and oppose protectionism.