李克强2014年政府工作报告(全文)
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Report on the Work of the Government (2014)

 
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三、2014年重点工作 III. Major Tasks for 2014
做好今年政府工作,要以深化改革为强大动力,以调整结构为主攻方向,以改善民生为根本目的,统筹兼顾,突出重点,务求实效。 To deliver a good performance in the work of the government this year, we need to deepen reform so as to create powerful impetus, carry out structural adjustment as our main priority, and make improving people's wellbeing our fundamental goal. We need to take a holistic approach, focus on key areas, and achieve solid progress.
(一)推动重要领域改革取得新突破。 1. Making breakthroughs in reform in important areas
改革是今年政府工作的首要任务。要以经济体制改革为重点,区别情况,分类推进,抓好牵一发而动全身的举措,力求取得实质性进展,更多释放改革红利。 Reform is the top priority for the government's work this year. We will focus on economic structural reform, advance it on different fronts in a targeted way in light of different conditions, take key measures that will have an overall impact, strive to make substantive progress and reap more benefits reform.
深入推进行政体制改革。进一步简政放权,这是政府的自我革命。今年要再取消和下放行政审批事项200项以上。深化投资审批制度改革,取消或简化前置性审批,充分落实企业投资自主权,推进投资创业便利化。确需设置的行政审批事项,要建立权力清单制度,一律向社会公开。清单之外的,一律不得实施审批。全面清理非行政审批事项。基本完成省市县政府机构改革,继续推进事业单位改革。在全国实施工商登记制度改革,落实认缴登记制,由先证后照改为先照后证,由企业年检制度改为年报公示制度,让市场主体不断迸发新的活力。

We will deepen reform of the administrative system.

We will further streamline administration and delegate more power to lower-level governments. This is a revolution the government imposes on itself. This year, we will cancel or delegate to lower-level governments an additional 200 plus items requiring State Council review and approval.

We will deepen reform of the investment approval system, abolish or simplify preliminary review and approval procedures, give businesses full power over their investment decisions, and make it easy to make investments and start businesses.

We will introduce a system to list all items over which government review and approval are required and release the list to the public. No items not on the list will be subject to government review and approval. We will also comprehensively sort out items requiring nongovernmental review and approval.

We will basically complete the reform of government bodies at the provincial, municipal and county levels, and continue to reform public institutions. We will reform the business registration system nationwide and carry out registration of subscribed capital. Issuing an operating permit before a license, which was the practice in the past, will be replaced with the practice of license first, operating permit second. Annual inspections of businesses will be replaced by annual reporting to incentivize market actors.

加强事中事后监管。坚持放管并重,建立纵横联动协同管理机制,实现责任和权力同步下放、放活和监管同步到位。推广一站式审批、一个窗口办事,探索实施统一市场监管。加快社会信用体系建设,推进政府信息共享,推动建立自然人、法人统一代码,对违背市场竞争原则和侵害消费者权益的企业建立黑名单制度,让失信者寸步难行,让守信者一路畅通。

Stronger oversight will be exercised over delegated matters when they are being handled and after they have been handled. We will attach equal importance to both delegating power and strengthening oversight, establish a mechanism of coordinating management between government bodies at both the same and different levels, and ensure that both responsibility and power are delegated together and that relaxing control and strengthening oversight go hand in hand.

We will expand the one-stop review and approval model and one-window services, and explore ways to conduct unified market oversight. We will move faster to put in place a social credibility system, share more government information between government departments and with the public, introduce unified codes for natural and legal persons, implement a blacklisting system for enterprises that violate market competition principles and infringe on the rights and interests of consumers, and make those who lose credibility pay the price and smooth the way for those who have credibility.

抓好财税体制改革这个重头戏。实施全面规范、公开透明的预算制度。着力把所有政府性收入纳入预算,实行全口径预算管理。各级政府预算和决算都要向社会公开,部门预算要逐步公开到基本支出和项目支出,所有财政拨款的“三公”经费都要公开,打造阳光财政,让群众看明白、能监督。提高一般性转移支付比例,专项转移支付项目要减少三分之一,今后还要进一步减少。推进税收制度改革,把“营改增”试点扩大到铁路运输、邮政服务、电信等行业,清费立税,推动消费税、资源税改革,做好房地产税、环境保护税立法相关工作。进一步扩展小微企业税收优惠范围,减轻企业负担。抓紧研究调整中央与地方事权和支出责任,逐步理顺中央与地方收入划分,保持现有财力格局总体稳定。建立规范的地方政府举债融资机制,把地方政府性债务纳入预算管理,推行政府综合财务报告制度,防范和化解债务风险。

We will give high priority to reforming the fiscal and tax systems.

We will institute a comprehensive, well-regulated, open and transparent budget system. We will work hard to incorporate all government revenue into the budget, and bring all revenue and expenditures under budgetary management. Governments at all levels should release their budgets and final accounts to the public, and budgets released by government bodies should progressively include details down to basic regular and project expenditures. In particular, all public spending on official overseas visits, official vehicles, and official hospitality should be made public. We will ensure transparency of public finance and make it easy for people to understand and oversee it.

We will increase the proportion of general transfer payments, and cut the number of special transfer payments by one third this year and continue to cut them in coming years.

We will advance the reform of the tax system by taking the following steps: Extend trials for replacing business tax with VAT to the railway transport, postal and telecommunications services industries, abolish fees and replace them with taxes, reform the excise tax and resource tax, and move ahead with legislation on a property tax and environmental protection tax. We will grant additional tax breaks to micro businesses with low profits and reduce the burden on businesses.

We will work faster on ways to adjust the power and spending responsibilities between central and local governments, and progressively adjust distribution of revenue between them while keeping the current division of financial resources between them basically stable.

We will establish a standard financing mechanism for local governments to issue bonds and place local government debt under budgetary management. We will implement a comprehensive government financial reporting system and guard against and defuse debt risks.

深化金融体制改革。继续推进利率市场化,扩大金融机构利率自主定价权。保持人民币汇率在合理均衡水平上的基本稳定,扩大汇率双向浮动区间,推进人民币资本项目可兑换。稳步推进由民间资本发起设立中小型银行等金融机构,引导民间资本参股、投资金融机构及融资中介服务机构。建立存款保险制度,健全金融机构风险处置机制。实施政策性金融机构改革。加快发展多层次资本市场,推进股票发行注册制改革,规范发展债券市场。积极发展农业保险,探索建立巨灾保险制度。发展普惠金融。促进互联网金融健康发展,完善金融监管协调机制,密切监测跨境资本流动,守住不发生系统性和区域性金融风险的底线。让金融成为一池活水,更好地浇灌小微企业、“三农”等实体经济之树。

We will deepen reform of the financial sector.

We will continue to liberalize interest rates by granting financial institutions more power to set their interest rates. We will keep the renminbi exchange rate basically stable at an appropriate, balanced level, expand its floating range, and move toward renminbi convertibility under capital accounts.

We will steadily promote the establishment of small and medium-sized banks and other financial institutions by private capital, and guide private capital to invest in or hold shares in financial institutions and intermediary financing services.

We will establish a deposit insurance system and improve the risk disposal mechanism of financial institutions. Reform in policy-based financial institutions will be carried out. We will speed up development of a multilevel capital market, advance the reform to introduce a system for stock issuance registration, and develop a well-regulated bond market. We will actively develop agricultural insurance and explore how to establish a catastrophe insurance system. We will develop inclusive finance.

We will promote the healthy development of Internet banking, improve the mechanism for coordinating financial oversight, keep a close watch on the cross-border flow of capital, and ensure that no systemic or regional financial risks occur. We will ensure that financial services play an active role in meeting the needs of the real economy, including small and micro businesses, agriculture, rural areas, and farmers.

增强各类所有制经济活力。坚持和完善基本经济制度。优化国有经济布局和结构,加快发展混合所有制经济,建立健全现代企业制度和公司法人治理结构。完善国有资产管理体制,准确界定不同国有企业功能,推进国有资本投资运营公司试点。完善国有资本经营预算,提高中央企业国有资本收益上缴公共财政比例。制定非国有资本参与中央企业投资项目的办法,在金融、石油、电力、铁路、电信、资源开发、公用事业等领域,向非国有资本推出一批投资项目。制定非公有制企业进入特许经营领域具体办法。实施铁路投融资体制改革,在更多领域放开竞争性业务,为民间资本提供大显身手的舞台。完善产权保护制度,公有制经济财产权不可侵犯,非公有制经济财产权同样不可侵犯。

We will enhance the vitality of economic entities under all forms of ownership.

We will uphold and improve the basic economic system. We will improve the distribution and structure of the state-owned sector of the economy and accelerate the development of mixed-ownership economic entities. We will establish a sound modern corporate structure and corporate governance. We will improve the system for managing state-owned assets, clearly define the functions of different SOEs, and carry out trials of investing state capital in corporate operations. We will improve budgeting for state capital operations and raise the percentage of earnings from state capital turned over to public finance by central government-owned enterprises.

We will formulate measures for non-state capital to participate in investment projects of central government enterprises, and allow non-state capital to participate in a number of projects in areas such as banking, oil, electricity, railway, telecommunications, resources development and public utilities. We will formulate specific measures to permit non-public enterprise participation in franchising.

We will reform the railway investment and financing system, and open competitive operations in more areas so as to create a platform for the full participation of private capital. We will improve the property rights system to ensure that property rights are inviolable in both the public and non-public sectors.

(二)开创高水平对外开放新局面。 2. Ushering in a new phase of China's opening to the outside world and ensuring its high standard performance
开放与改革相伴而生、相互促进。要构建开放型经济新体制,推动新一轮对外开放,在国际市场汪洋大海中搏击风浪,倒逼深层次改革和结构调整,加快培育国际竞争新优势。 Opening up and reform have been launched as integral parts of the same initiative as they are mutually reinforcing. We will foster a new open-economy system and advance a new round of opening up to embrace the international market. This will lead to deeper reform and structural adjustment and enable us to enhance China's ability to compete internationally.
扩大全方位主动开放。坚持积极有效利用外资,推动服务业扩大开放,打造内外资企业一视同仁、公平竞争的营商环境,使中国继续成为外商投资首选地。建设好、管理好中国上海自由贸易试验区,形成可复制可推广的体制机制,并开展若干新的试点。扩展内陆沿边开放,让广袤大地成为对外开放的热土。

We will open China wider to the outside world in all areas.

We will continue to utilize foreign investment actively and efficiently, open up more service sectors to foreign capital, and level the playing field for domestic and foreign enterprises to compete on fair terms so as to ensure that China remains a top choice for foreign investment. We will ensure the successful building and management of the China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone so that this model can be copied and extended, and we will launch a number of new trials. We will open China's inland and border areas wider to the outside world, and turn these broad areas into hotspots for opening up.

从战略高度推动出口升级和贸易平衡发展。今年进出口总额预期增长7.5%左右。要稳定和完善出口政策,加快通关便利化改革,扩大跨境电子商务试点。实施鼓励进口政策,增加国内短缺产品进口。引导加工贸易转型升级,支持企业打造自主品牌和国际营销网络,发展服务贸易和承接服务外包,提升中国制造在国际分工中的地位。鼓励通信、铁路、电站等大型成套设备出口,让中国装备享誉全球。

We will make it a strategic priority to upgrade exports and promote balanced growth of foreign trade.

Total imports and exports are projected to grow at around 7.5% this year. We will keep export policies stable and improve them, accelerate reform to facilitate customs clearance, and extend trials of cross-border e-commerce. We will implement policies to encourage imports, and import more products in short supply in China. We will guide the transformation and upgrading of processing trade, support businesses in creating Chinese brands and developing international marketing networks, develop service trade and undertake services outsourced by other countries, and raise the position of Chinese manufacturing in the global division of labor. We will encourage the export of complete sets of large equipment including telecommunications equipment, railways equipment, and power stations, and enhance the international reputation of Chinese equipment.

在走出去中提升竞争力。推进对外投资管理方式改革,实行以备案制为主,大幅下放审批权限。健全金融、法律、领事等服务保障,规范走出去秩序,促进产品出口、工程承包与劳务合作。抓紧规划建设丝绸之路经济带、21世纪海上丝绸之路,推进孟中印缅、中巴经济走廊建设,推出一批重大支撑项目,加快基础设施互联互通,拓展国际经济技术合作新空间。

We will increase China's competitiveness through expanding its overseas business presence.

We will carry out reform of the management of outbound investment so that such investment is mainly reported for the record, and delegate much of the review and approval power over such investment to lower-level governments. We will provide better financial, legal and consular services, ensure orderly overseas business operations, and boost the export of products, project contracting and labor services.

We will intensify the planning and building of a Silk Road economic belt and a 21st century maritime Silk Road, and promote the building of the Bangladesh-China-India-Myanmar Economic Corridor and the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor. By launching a number of major projects, we will speed up infrastructure connectivity with our neighbors, and open up new space for enhancing international economic and technologic cooperation.

统筹多双边和区域开放合作。推动服务贸易协定、政府采购协定、信息技术协定等谈判,加快环保、电子商务等新议题谈判。积极参与高标准自贸区建设,推进中美、中欧投资协定谈判,加快与韩国、澳大利亚、海湾合作委员会等自贸区谈判进程。坚持推动贸易和投资自由化便利化,实现与各国互利共赢,形成对外开放与改革发展良性互动新格局。

We will engage in bilateral, multilateral and regional opening up and cooperation in a coordinated way.

We will strive to make progress in negotiations on agreements concerning trade in services, government procurement and information technology, and speed up negotiations on new areas such as environmental protection and e-commerce. We will actively participate in developing high-standard free trade areas; continue negotiations on investment agreements with the United States and the European Union, and accelerate free trade area negotiations with the Republic of Korea, Australia, and the Gulf Cooperation Council. We will continue to promote trade and investment liberalization and facilitation, strive for mutual benefit with other countries, and ensure that opening up reinforces and is reinforced by reform and development.

(三)增强内需拉动经济的主引擎作用。 3. Making domestic demand the main engine driving growth
扩大内需是经济增长的主要动力,也是重大的结构调整。要发挥好消费的基础作用和投资的关键作用,打造新的区域经济支撑带,从需求方面施策,从供给方面发力,构建扩大内需长效机制。 Boosting domestic demand is both a major force driving economic growth and an important structural adjustment. We need to fully leverage the basic role of consumption and the key role of investment, foster new regional economic mainstay belts, stimulate both supply and demand, and establish a permanent mechanism for increasing domestic demand.
把消费作为扩大内需的主要着力点。通过增加居民收入提高消费能力,完善消费政策,培育消费热点。要扩大服务消费,支持社会力量兴办各类服务机构,重点发展养老、健康、旅游、文化等服务,落实带薪休假制度。要促进信息消费,实施“宽带中国”战略,加快发展第四代移动通信,推进城市百兆光纤工程和宽带乡村工程,大幅提高互联网网速,在全国推行“三网融合”,鼓励电子商务创新发展。维护网络安全。要深化流通体制改革,清除妨碍全国统一市场的各种关卡,降低流通成本,促进物流配送、快递业和网络购物发展。充分释放十几亿人口蕴藏的巨大消费潜力。

In working to increase domestic demand, we will focus on boosting consumption.

We will enhance people's ability to consume by increasing their incomes, improve consumption policies, foster new areas of consumption and increase consumption of services. We will support nongovernmental investors in running various types of services, with the focus on elderly care, health, tourism, and culture, and implement the system of paid vacations.

We will promote information consumption; implement China's broadband strategy; speed up the development of 4G mobile communications; build 100M fiber optic networks in cities and extend broadband connectivity to rural villages; greatly increase the speed of the Internet; deliver telecommunications, radio and television, and Internet services over a single broadband connection across the country; and encourage the creative development of e-commerce.

We will safeguard cyber-security. We will deepen reform of distribution channels; remove all barriers to a nationwide unified market; cut distribution costs; and encourage development of logistics and delivery, express delivery services, and online shopping. We will fully tap the enormous consumption potential of more than a billion people.

把投资作为稳定经济增长的关键。加快投融资体制改革,推进投资主体多元化,再推出一批民间投资示范项目,优化投资结构,保持固定资产投资合理增长。中央预算内投资拟增加到4576亿元,重点投向保障性安居工程、农业、重大水利、中西部铁路、节能环保、社会事业等领域,发挥好政府投资“四两拨千斤”的带动作用。

We will take investment as the key to maintaining stable economic growth.

We will accelerate reform of the investment and financing systems; encourage more parties to make investment; launch more demonstration projects involving private investment; improve the investment structure; and maintain proper growth in fixed-asset investment.

Budgetary investment of the central government will rise to 457.6 billion yuan, which will be mainly invested in government-subsidized housing, agriculture, major water conservancy projects, railways in the central and western regions, energy conservation, environmental protection and social programs. We hope that such government investment will attract more investment in these areas from other sources.

把培育新的区域经济带作为推动发展的战略支撑。深入实施区域发展总体战略,优先推进西部大开发,全面振兴东北地区等老工业基地,大力促进中部地区崛起,积极支持东部地区经济率先转型升级,加大对革命老区、民族地区、边疆地区、贫困地区支持力度。要谋划区域发展新棋局,由东向西、由沿海向内地,沿大江大河和陆路交通干线,推进梯度发展。依托黄金水道,建设长江经济带。以海陆重点口岸为支点,形成与沿海连接的西南中南、东北、西北等经济支撑带。推进长三角地区经济一体化,深化泛珠三角区域经济合作,加强环渤海及京津冀地区协同发展。实施差别化经济政策,推动产业转移,发展跨区域大交通大流通,形成新的区域经济增长极。

We will make developing new regional economic belts a strategic step for stimulating development.

We will energetically carry out the master strategy for regional development. We will give high priority to the large-scale development of the western region; fully revitalize old industrial bases in the northeast and other parts of the country; spur the rise of the central region; vigorously support the eastern region in taking the lead in transforming and upgrading the economy; and increase support to old revolutionary base areas, ethnic minority areas, border areas and poor areas.

We will promote a new type of regional development, and extend development in a phased way from the eastern region to the western region, from coastal areas to the interior, and along major rivers and land transportation lines. We will build a new economic development belt along the Yangtze River. We will use major coastal and border ports as fulcrums to develop economic belts that connect the coastal areas with the southwest, central south, northeast and northwest. We will promote economic integration in the Yangtze River Delta, deepen economic cooperation in the pan-Pearl River Delta, and further coordinate development in the Bohai Rim region and the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.

We will implement different economic policies in different regions, speed up relocation of industries, develop trans-regional transportation and goods distribution networks, and create new regional economic growth poles.

海洋是我们宝贵的蓝色国土。要坚持陆海统筹,全面实施海洋战略,发展海洋经济,保护海洋环境,坚决维护国家海洋权益,大力建设海洋强国。 The seas are our valuable national territory. We will steadfastly promote land and marine development in a coordinated way, fully implement China's marine strategy, develop the marine economy, protect the marine environment, resolutely uphold China's maritime rights and interests, and build China into a maritime power.
(四)促进农业现代化和农村改革发展。 4. Advancing agricultural modernization and rural reform and development
农业是扩内需调结构的重要领域,更是安天下稳民心的产业。要坚持把解决好“三农”问题放在全部工作的重中之重,以保障国家粮食安全和促进农民增收为核心,推进农业现代化。坚守耕地红线,提高耕地质量,增强农业综合生产能力,确保谷物基本自给、口粮绝对安全,把13亿中国人的饭碗牢牢端在自己手中。

Agriculture is important for expanding domestic demand and making structural adjustment, and it is a sector vital for ensuring China's stability and maintaining public confidence. We must make doing a good job in our work relating to agriculture, rural areas, and farmers the number one priority in all our endeavors and accelerate agricultural modernization in order to ensure China's food security and increase farmers' incomes.

We will make sure that China's cultivated land area does not fall below the red line of 120 million hectares. We will improve the quality of cultivated land, increase overall agricultural production capacity, and guarantee our basic self-sufficiency of cereal grains and absolute grain security. In this way, we will have full control over the food supply of China's 1.3 billion people.

强化农业支持保护政策。提高小麦、稻谷最低收购价格,继续执行玉米、油菜籽、食糖临时收储政策。探索建立农产品目标价格制度,市场价格过低时对生产者进行补贴,过高时对低收入消费者进行补贴。农业新增补贴向粮食等重要农产品、新型农业经营主体、主产区倾斜。增加对粮油猪等生产大县的奖励补助,扶持牛羊肉生产。发挥深松整地对增产的促进作用,今年启动1亿亩试点。统筹整合涉农资金。不管财力多么紧张,都要确保农业投入只增不减。

We will strengthen policies for supporting and protecting agriculture.

We will raise the minimum purchase prices of wheat and rice, and continue to implement the policy on purchasing and stockpiling corn, canola seeds and sugar on an ad hoc basis. We will consider the introduction of a system of guaranteed base prices for agricultural products, under which subsidies will be given to producers when market prices are too low and to low-income consumers when market prices are too high.

Increases in agricultural subsidies will be mainly provided to support the production of grain and other major agricultural products, new types of agricultural businesses and major agricultural regions. More rewards and subsidies will be given to major counties that produce grain, canola seed or hogs, and support will also be provided for beef and mutton production.

We will improve the subsoil of farmland to promote the increase in agricultural output, and carry out a trial this year on 6.67 million hectares of farmland. Funds for agricultural development will be merged and allocated in a coordinated way. Even though our financial resources are strained, we must ensure that spending on agriculture always increases.

夯实农业农村发展基础。国家集中力量建设一批重大水利工程,今年拟安排中央预算内水利投资700多亿元,支持引水调水、骨干水源、江河湖泊治理、高效节水灌溉等重点项目。各地要加强中小型水利项目建设,解决好用水“最后一公里”问题。加快建成一批旱涝保收高标准农田,抓紧培育一批重要优良品种,研发推广一批新型高效农业机械。完善农村水电路气信等基础设施,改造农村危房260万户,改建农村公路20万公里。高度重视农村留守儿童、妇女、老人和“空心村”问题。今年再解决6000万农村人口的饮水安全问题,经过今明两年努力,要让所有农村居民都能喝上干净的水。

We will strengthen the foundation of agricultural and rural development.

Investment will be concentrated on building a number of major water conservancy projects. Over 70 billion yuan will be allocated from the central government budget this year to fund major projects to divert water, protect key water sources, harness rivers and lakes, and develop efficient water-saving irrigation. All local governments need to give higher priority to building small and medium-sized water conservancy projects and solve the "last-kilometer" problem of farmland not being connected with main irrigation channels.

Efforts will be sped up to increase the acreage of high-standard farmland that produces good yields in times of drought or excessive rain. We will work harder to breed important superior crop varieties, and develop and extend the use of new types of efficient agricultural machinery. We will improve rural infrastructure such as roads, telecommunications services, and water, electricity and methane supply. A total of 2.6 million rundown rural houses will be rebuilt and 200,000 kilometers of rural roads will be upgraded.

We will give high priority to resolving problems facing children, women and older people who are left behind in rural villages by rural migrant workers working in cities. Safe drinking water will be made available to another 60 million rural residents. Through hard work this year and next, we must provide safe drinking water to all rural residents.

积极推进农村改革。坚持和完善农村基本经营制度,赋予农民更多财产权利。保持农村土地承包关系长久不变,抓紧土地承包经营权及农村集体建设用地使用权确权登记颁证工作,引导承包地经营权有序流转,慎重稳妥进行农村土地制度改革试点。坚持家庭经营基础性地位,培育专业大户、家庭农场、农民合作社、农业企业等新型农业经营主体,发展多种形式适度规模经营。培育新型职业农民。完善集体林权制度改革。加快国有农牧林场改革。健全农业社会化服务体系,推进供销合作社综合改革试点。农村改革要从实际出发,试点先行,切实尊重农民意愿,坚决维护农民合法权益。

We will vigorously push forward rural reform.

We will adhere to and improve the basic rural management system and grant farmers more property rights. We will ensure that rural land contract relations will long remain unchanged, and promptly determine, register and certify the rights to contracted use of land and the use of collective land for construction purposes in rural areas. We will guide the orderly transfer of contracted land-use rights and prudently carry out trials to reform the rural land system. We will maintain household operations as the basis; cultivate new types of agricultural businesses, such as large and specialized family businesses, family farms, farmer cooperatives, and agribusinesses; and develop large-scale agricultural businesses of various types. We will train a new type of professional farmers.

We will improve tenure reform for collective forests and accelerate the reform of state-owned farms, grazing land and forestry farms. We will improve commercial agricultural services and carry out trials of comprehensive reform of rural supply and marketing cooperatives. In carrying out rural reform, we need to base ourselves on actual conditions, conduct trials first, fully respect farmers' wishes, and steadfastly protect their legitimate rights and interests.

创新扶贫开发方式。加快推进集中连片特殊困难地区区域发展与扶贫攻坚。国家加大对跨区域重大基础设施建设和经济协作的支持,加强生态保护和基本公共服务。地方要优化整合扶贫资源,实行精准扶贫,确保扶贫到村到户。引导社会力量参与扶贫事业。今年再减少农村贫困人口1000万人以上。我们要继续向贫困宣战,决不让贫困代代相传。

We will explore new ways to alleviate poverty through development.

We will move faster to promote development of contiguous poor areas and reduce poverty there. The central government will increase support for major trans-regional infrastructure projects and economic coordination, strengthen ecological preservation and improve public services. Local governments need to merge poverty alleviation resources to make better use of them and take targeted measures to ensure that assistance reaches poverty-stricken villages and households. We will guide nongovernmental forces to participate in poverty alleviation. This year, we will lift more than ten million people out of poverty. We will continue to fight poverty and prevent poverty from being passed to future generations.

(五)推进以人为核心的新型城镇化。 5. Carrying out a new type of people-centered urbanization
城镇化是现代化的必由之路,是破除城乡二元结构的重要依托。要健全城乡发展一体化体制机制,坚持走以人为本、四化同步、优化布局、生态文明、传承文化的新型城镇化道路,遵循发展规律,积极稳妥推进,着力提升质量。今后一个时期,着重解决好现有“三个1亿人”问题,促进约1亿农业转移人口落户城镇,改造约1亿人居住的城镇棚户区和城中村,引导约1亿人在中西部地区就近城镇化。

Urbanization is the sure route to modernization and an important basis for integrating the urban and rural structures. We must improve the system and mechanisms for integrating rural and urban development and embark on a new path of urbanization. This new type of urbanization should have the following features: putting people first; integrating the development of industrialization, IT application, urbanization and agricultural modernization; improving the spatial layout; protecting the ecological environment; and carrying forward Chinese culture.

We must follow the natural law concerning urbanization, carry it out actively and prudently, and work harder to raise its quality. For some time to come, we will focus on three tasks, each concerning 100 million people: granting urban residency to around 100 million rural people who have moved to cities, rebuilding rundown city areas and villages inside cities where around 100 million people live, and guiding the urbanization of around 100 million rural residents of the central and western regions in cities there.

有序推进农业转移人口市民化。推动户籍制度改革,实行不同规模城市差别化落户政策。把有能力、有意愿并长期在城镇务工经商的农民工及其家属逐步转为城镇居民。对未落户的农业转移人口,建立居住证制度。使更多进城务工人员随迁子女纳入城镇教育、实现异地升学,实施农民工职业技能提升计划。稳步推进城镇基本公共服务常住人口全覆盖,使农业转移人口和城镇居民共建共享城市现代文明。

We will grant urban residency in an orderly manner to rural people who have moved to cities.

We will reform the household registration system, and implement a household registration policy with different eligibility requirements for people of different conditions, and progressively grant urban residency to rural migrant workers and their families who are both willing and able to stay in cities and towns where they have had jobs or done business for a long time. We will introduce a residence permit system for rural people in urban areas who have not yet gained urban residency.

More children of rural migrant workers living with their parents in cities will be entitled to go to school there, including secondary school and college, and we will provide vocational skills training to rural migrant workers. We will steadily extend basic public services to fully cover the permanent population of cities and towns so that the rural people who live in them can contribute to the development of modern urban life and enjoy it together with the urban people.

加大对中西部地区新型城镇化的支持。提高产业发展和集聚人口能力,促进农业转移人口就近从业。加快推进交通、水利、能源、市政等基础设施建设,增强中西部地区城市群和城镇发展后劲。优化东部地区城镇结构,进一步提升城镇化质量和水平。

We will increase support for a new type of urbanization in the central and western regions.

We will help their industries develop and attract people and encourage rural migrant workers in the two regions to find employment in local cities and towns. We will speed up development of infrastructure including transportation, water conservancy, energy and municipal services in the two regions and make development of city clusters and towns there more sustainable. We will also improve the structure of cities and towns in the eastern region and raise the quality and standard of urbanization there.

加强城镇化管理创新和机制建设。要更大规模加快棚户区改造,决不能一边高楼林立,一边棚户连片。以国家新型城镇化规划为指导,做好相关规划的统筹衔接。提高城镇建设用地效率,优先发展公共交通,保护历史文化和自然景观,避免千城一面。加强小城镇和村庄规划管理。探索建立农业转移人口市民化成本分担、多元化城镇建设投融资等机制。通过提高建设和管理水平,让我们的城镇各具特色、宜业宜居,更加充满活力。

We will strengthen management innovation and institutional development pertaining to urbanization.

We will expand the rebuilding of rundown urban areas so that cities will take on a new look instead of having stretches of rundown areas existing side by side with high-rise buildings. We will make plans for urbanization in a coordinated way in accordance with the national guidelines for developing a new type of urbanization. We will use urban construction land more efficiently, give high priority to developing public transport, protect sites of historical and cultural interest and natural landscapes, and avoid making cities and towns all look the same.

We will strengthen planning management of villages and small towns. We will explore ways to share costs associated with granting urban residency to rural people who have moved to cities and diversify investment and financing for urban development. We will better develop and manage cities and towns so that they are livable and have unique features, good working conditions and more vitality.

(六)以创新支撑和引领经济结构优化升级。 6. Using innovation to support and lead economic structural improvement and upgrading
创新是经济结构调整优化的原动力。要把创新摆在国家发展全局的核心位置,促进科技与经济社会发展紧密结合,推动我国产业向全球价值链高端跃升。 Innovation is the motive force for adjusting and upgrading the economic structure. We need to make innovation the core of China's development endeavors, promote the full integration of science and technology with economic and social development, and elevate China's industries to the high range of the global value chain.
加快科技体制改革。强化企业在技术创新中的主体地位,鼓励企业设立研发机构,牵头构建产学研协同创新联盟。全面落实企业研发费用加计扣除等普惠性措施。把国家自主创新示范区股权激励、科技成果处置权收益权改革等试点政策,扩大到更多科技园区和科教单位。加大政府对基础研究、前沿技术、社会公益技术、重大共性关键技术的投入,健全公共科技服务平台,完善科技重大专项实施机制。改进与加强科研项目和资金管理,实行国家创新调查和科技报告制度,鼓励科研人员创办企业。加强知识产权保护和运用,重视科普工作和科学精神建设。深入实施人才发展规划,统筹重大人才工程,鼓励建立研发人员报酬与市场业绩挂钩机制,使人才的贡献与回报相匹配,让各类人才脱颖而出、人尽其才、才尽其用。

We will accelerate reform of the science and technology management system.

We will strengthen the leading role businesses play in making technological innovation, encourage enterprises to set up research institutes, take the lead in establishing industry-academia-research collaboration in making innovation, and comprehensively implement preferential policies such as extra deductions for businesses' R&D expenses. More science parks and scientific and educational institutions will be covered by the trial reform policy that gives national innovation demonstration zones equity-based incentives for making innovation and the right to transfer and profit from their scientific and technological advances.

We will increase government spending on basic research and research on cutting-edge technologies, technologies for the public good and key standard technologies, and we will improve public science and technology service platforms and the mechanism for launching major science and technology programs.

We will improve and strengthen the management of research projects and their funding, introduce the system of national innovation surveying and science and technology reporting, and encourage researchers and engineers to set up businesses.

The protection and use of intellectual property rights will be strengthened. We will work to propagate scientific knowledge and foster a scientific spirit. We will fully implement the talent development plan, coordinate major programs for nurturing and attracting talent, and encourage the establishment of a mechanism to link researchers' pay with the market value of their research so that researchers' contributions are matched by their rewards. This will enable outstanding individuals of various types to come forth in large numbers, and their talent will be fully unleashed.

产业结构调整要依靠改革,进退并举。进,要更加积极有为。优先发展生产性服务业,推进服务业综合改革试点和示范建设,促进文化创意和设计服务与相关产业融合发展,加快发展保险、商务、科技等服务业。促进信息化与工业化深度融合,推动企业加快技术改造、提升精准管理水平,完善设备加速折旧等政策,增强传统产业竞争力。设立新兴产业创业创新平台,在新一代移动通信、集成电路、大数据、先进制造、新能源、新材料等方面赶超先进,引领未来产业发展。退,要更加主动有序。坚持通过市场竞争实现优胜劣汰,鼓励企业兼并重组。对产能严重过剩行业,强化环保、能耗、技术等标准,清理各种优惠政策,消化一批存量,严控新上增量。今年要淘汰钢铁2700万吨、水泥4200万吨、平板玻璃3500万标准箱等落后产能,确保“十二五”淘汰任务提前一年完成,真正做到压下来,决不再反弹。

In making industrial structural adjustment, we will rely on reform and support growth in some sectors while curbing excess and outdated production capacity in others.

We will support growth more vigorously. We will give high priority to developing production-oriented service industries, and carry out pilot and demonstration projects to advance the comprehensive reform of the service industry. We will integrate the development of cultural and creative industries as well as design services with related industries, and speed up the development of insurance, business, and science and technology services.

We will promote full integration of IT application with industrialization, encourage businesses to accelerate technological upgrading, make management more precise, improve the policy for accelerating equipment depreciation, and make traditional industries more competitive. We will build a platform for supporting business startups and innovation in emerging industries.

We will strive to catch up with and overtake advanced countries in areas of new-generation mobile communications, integrated circuits, big data, advanced manufacturing, new energy and new materials, and to guide the development of emerging industries. We will curb excess and outdated production capacity in a more proactive and orderly manner. We will let market competition determine which businesses survive, and encourage business acquisitions and reorganizations.

In industries with severe overcapacity, we will strengthen environmental protection, energy consumption, and technology standards; abolish preferential policies; absorb some excess production capacity and strictly control increases in production capacity. This year, we will reduce outdated production capacity of 27 million metric tons of steel, 42 million metric tons of cement and 35 million standard containers of plate glass. We will ensure that the target for reducing outdated production capacity set in the Twelfth Five-Year Plan is met one year ahead of schedule, and make sure that these reductions are permanent and such production capacity does not increase again.

(七)加强教育、卫生、文化等社会建设。 7. Accelerating the development of education, health, culture and other social programs
繁荣发展社会事业是促进社会公正、增进人民福祉的有效途径。要深化社会体制改革,以更大的投入和更有力的举措,推动经济社会协调发展。 Boosting the development of social programs is an effective way to promote social justice and increase people's happiness. We need to deepen reform of the social system and promote coordinated economic and social development by increasing spending and adopting stronger measures.
促进教育事业优先发展、公平发展。继续加大教育资源向中西部和农村倾斜,促进义务教育均衡发展。全面改善贫困地区义务教育薄弱学校办学条件。贫困地区农村学生上重点高校人数要再增长10%以上,使更多农家子弟有升学机会。加强农村特别是边远贫困地区教师队伍建设,扩大优质教育资源覆盖面,改善贫困地区农村儿童营养状况。发展学前教育。实施特殊教育提升计划。继续增加中央财政教育投入,提高使用效率并强化监督。深化教育综合改革,积极稳妥改革考试招生制度,扩大省级政府教育统筹权和高校办学自主权,鼓励发展民办教育。加快构建以就业为导向的现代职业教育体系。我们要为下一代提供良好的教育,努力使每一个孩子有公平的发展机会。

We will give high priority to developing education and making it more equitable.

We will continue to allocate more education resources to the central and western regions and rural areas and promote the balanced development of compulsory education. We will comprehensively improve conditions in poorly built and run schools providing compulsory education in poor areas. The number of rural students from poor areas enrolled in key colleges and universities will again be increased by more than 10%, and this will give rural children more opportunity to receive higher education.

We will raise the competence of rural teachers, especially in poor and border areas, expand the reach of quality education resources and improve the nutrition of children in poor rural areas. We will develop preschool education and implement the plan to improve special education.

We will continue to increase central government spending on education, use it more effectively and strengthen oversight over its use. We will deepen comprehensive education reform and actively and prudently reform the school examination and enrollment systems. We will expand the responsibility of provincial-level governments over local education, give institutions of higher learning more decision-making power, and encourage the development of private schools. We will accelerate the establishment of an employment-oriented modern vocational education system. We will provide quality education to the next generation and work hard to ensure that all children have an equal opportunity to develop.

推动医改向纵深发展。巩固全民基本医保,通过改革整合城乡居民基本医疗保险制度。完善政府、单位和个人合理分担的基本医疗保险筹资机制,城乡居民基本医保财政补助标准提高到人均320元。在全国推行城乡居民大病保险。加强城乡医疗救助、疾病应急救助。县级公立医院综合改革试点扩大到1000个县,覆盖农村5亿人口。扩大城市公立医院综合改革试点。破除以药补医,理顺医药价格,创新社会资本办医机制。巩固完善基本药物制度和基层医疗卫生机构运行新机制。健全分级诊疗体系,加强全科医生培养,推进医师多点执业,让群众能够就近享受优质医疗服务。构建和谐医患关系。提高重大传染病、慢性病和职业病、地方病防治能力,人均基本公共卫生服务经费补助标准增加到35元。扶持中医药和民族医药事业发展。坚持计划生育基本国策不动摇,落实一方是独生子女的夫妇可生育两个孩子政策。为了人民的身心健康和家庭幸福,我们一定要坚定不移推进医改,用中国式办法解决好这个世界性难题。

We will deepen medical reform.

We will consolidate the national basic medical insurance system and integrate the basic medical insurance system for rural residents with that for non-working urban residents through reform. We will improve the mechanism for the government, employer and employee to share the costs of basic medical insurance. The annual government subsidy for basic medical insurance for rural and non-working urban residents will be increased to 320 yuan per person. The major disease insurance scheme for rural and non-working urban residents will be introduced nationwide.

We will strengthen urban and rural medical assistance and emergency assistance for disease treatment. Trial comprehensive reform of county-level public hospitals will be extended to cover 1,000 counties and 500 million rural residents. We will expand trial comprehensive reforms of urban public hospitals.

We will abolish the practice of compensating for low medical service charges with high drug prices, adjust the prices of medical care and drugs, and create a mechanism for running hospitals by nongovernmental capital. We will consolidate and improve the system of using basic medicines and the new mechanisms for operating community-level clinics. We will improve the system of tiered medical services, strengthen training of general practitioners, and allow doctors to work in more than one medical institution so that people have easy access to quality medical services. We will build harmonious relations between doctors and patients.

We will improve our capacity to prevent and treat major communicable and chronic diseases and occupational and endemic diseases. The government subsidy for basic public health services will be increased to 35 yuan per person. We will support the development of traditional Chinese medicine and the traditional medicine of ethnic minorities. We will unwaveringly adhere to the basic state policy of family planning and will implement the policy that allows married couples to have two children if one parent is a single child. We must resolutely press ahead with medical reform and work out a Chinese solution to this global problem so that the Chinese people can enjoy a happier and healthier life.

文化是民族的血脉。要培育和践行社会主义核心价值观,加强公民道德和精神文明建设。继续深化文化体制改革,完善文化经济政策,增强文化整体实力和竞争力。促进基本公共文化服务标准化均等化,发展文化艺术、新闻出版、广播电影电视、档案等事业,繁荣发展哲学社会科学,倡导全民阅读。提升文化产业发展水平,培育和规范文化市场。传承和弘扬优秀传统文化,重视保护文物。加快文化走出去,发展文化贸易,加强国际传播能力建设,提升国家文化软实力。发展全民健身、竞技体育和体育产业。我国是历史悠久的文明古国,也一定能建成现代文化强国。

Culture is the lifeblood of a nation. We should foster and practice core socialist values, strengthen civic morality, and advance cultural and ethical progress.

We will continue to deepen reform of the cultural sector, improve policies pertaining to the cultural economy, and enhance China's overall cultural strength and competitiveness. We will deliver basic public cultural services in a standard and equitable way. We will develop culture and arts, the press and publishing, and radio, television and film, and run archives well. We will promote the flourishing of philosophy and the social sciences. We will encourage the people to read.

We will enhance the development of cultural industries and foster a well-regulated market for cultural goods. We will carry forward China's cultural traditions and work to protect cultural relics. We will accelerate the spread of Chinese culture overseas, develop cultural trade, strengthen our international broadcasting capabilities, and enhance China's cultural soft power. We will develop fitness activities for everyone, competitive sports and the sports sector. China has an ancient civilization with a long history, and it can certainly develop a strong modern culture.

推进社会治理创新。注重运用法治方式,实行多元主体共同治理。健全村务公开、居务公开和民主管理制度,更好发挥社会组织在公共服务和社会治理中的作用。加强应急管理,提高公共安全和防灾救灾减灾能力,做好地震、气象、测绘等工作。改革信访工作制度,及时就地化解社会矛盾。加强行政复议工作。深入开展普法教育,加大法律援助。加强社会治安综合治理,坚决打击暴力恐怖犯罪活动,维护国家安全,形成良好社会秩序,共同建设平安中国。

We will promote innovation in social governance.

We will focus on law-based governance and involve all parties in social governance. We will make village and community affairs transparent and strengthen democratic oversight over their management, and get social organizations to play a bigger role in delivering public services and exercising social governance.

We will strengthen emergency management, and become better able to ensure public safety, prevent and mitigate disasters and provide disaster relief. We will do our work related to earthquake, meteorology, surveying and mapping well. We will reform the system of handling public complaints made in the form of letters and visits and promptly resolve social problems as they arise. Administrative review will be strengthened.

We will strengthen education in the general knowledge of law and increase legal aid. We will strengthen comprehensive maintenance of public order, crack down hard on violent crimes of terrorism, safeguard China's national security, create good public order, and work together to ensure public security in China.

(八)统筹做好保障和改善民生工作。 8. Making coordinated efforts to ensure and improve people's wellbeing
民惟邦本,本固邦宁。政府工作的根本目的,是让全体人民过上好日子。要坚持建机制、补短板、兜底线,保障群众基本生活,不断提高人民生活水平和质量。 The people are the foundation of a nation, and a nation can enjoy peace only when its foundation is strong. The fundamental goal of a government's work is to ensure that everyone lives a good life. We will continue to build institutions, improve weak links, help those in need of subsistence assistance, ensure everyone has access to basic necessities, and improve people's living standards and quality of life.
就业是民生之本。坚持实施就业优先战略和更加积极的就业政策,优化就业创业环境,以创新引领创业,以创业带动就业。今年高校毕业生将达727万人,要开发更多就业岗位,实施不间断的就业创业服务,提高大学生就业创业比例。加大对城镇就业困难人员帮扶力度,确保“零就业”家庭至少有一人就业,做好淘汰落后产能职工安置和再就业工作。统筹农村转移劳动力、退役军人等就业工作。努力实现更加充分、更高质量就业,使劳动者生活更加体面、更有尊严。

Employment is the basis of people's wellbeing. We will steadfastly implement the strategy of giving top priority to employment and carry out a more energetic employment policy, improve the employment and business startup environment, and foster business startups in an innovative way so they create more jobs.

With 7.27 million college students graduating this year, we need to create more jobs, provide non-stop employment and business startup services, and increase the rate of employment and business startup for college graduates.

We will increase support for urban residents who have difficulty finding jobs, ensure that at least one member in every zero-employment family gets a job, and do a good job in resettling and providing reemployment to workers laid off due to the shutdown of outdated production facilities. We will provide coordinated employment services to rural migrant workers and demobilized service personnel. We will work hard to create more rewarding and higher quality jobs so that people who work can live a decent and dignified life.

收入是民生之源。要深化收入分配体制改革,努力缩小收入差距。健全企业职工工资决定和正常增长机制,推进工资集体协商,构建和谐劳动关系。加强和改进国有企业负责人薪酬管理。改革机关事业单位工资制度,在事业单位逐步推行绩效工资,健全医务人员等适应行业特点的薪酬制度,完善艰苦边远地区津贴增长机制。多渠道增加低收入者收入,不断扩大中等收入者比重。使城乡居民收入与经济同步增长,广大人民群众普遍感受到得实惠。

Income is the source of people's wellbeing. We will deepen reform of the income distribution system and strive to narrow the income gap. We will improve the mechanism for setting and increasing salaries of enterprise employees on a regular basis, encourage collective wage bargaining and make labor relations harmonious. We will strengthen and improve management of executive compensation in SOEs.

We will implement salary reform in government bodies and public institutions, progressively implement a performance-based salary system in public institutions, improve the salary system for medical personnel so that it is compatible with their profession, and improve the mechanism for increasing allowances for working in hardship and remote areas.

We will increase the income of low-income groups through multiple channels and steadily increase the proportion of middle-income earners in the whole population. We will increase both urban and rural incomes in step with economic development so that everyone benefits.

社保是民生之基。重点是推进社会救助制度改革,继续提高城乡低保水平,全面实施临时救助制度,为特殊困难群众基本生活提供保障,为人们创业奋斗解除后顾之忧。建立统一的城乡居民基本养老保险制度,完善与职工养老保险的衔接办法,改革机关事业单位养老保险制度,鼓励发展企业年金、职业年金和商业保险。完善失业保险和工伤保险制度。落实社会救助和保障标准与物价水平挂钩联动机制。发展老龄事业,保障妇女权益,关心青少年发展,加强未成年人保护和困境家庭保障,做好残疾人基本公共服务和残疾预防,支持慈善事业发展。让每一个身处困境者都能得到社会关爱和温暖。

Social security is the foundation of people's wellbeing. We will focus on advancing reform of the social assistance system, continue to raise subsistence allowances to rural and urban residents, implement the system of providing temporary assistance nationwide, provide safeguards to enable extremely vulnerable groups to meet their basic living needs, and improve social services so that people can focus on work.

We will establish a unified basic old-age insurance system for both rural and non-working urban residents and improve the way it is linked with the old-age insurance system for working people. We will reform the old-age insurance system for government bodies and public institutions, and encourage the development of enterprise annuities, occupational annuities and commercial insurance. We will improve the system of unemployment insurance and insurance against workplace injury. We will implement a mechanism for increasing social assistance and social security benefits when the cost of living rises.

We will develop services for the elderly, protect women's rights and interests, care for the wellbeing of young people, better protect minors, meet the basic living needs of families in straits, provide adequate basic public services to the disabled and effectively prevent disabilities, and support the development of charities. We will make sure that everyone in need receives the support of society and feels its warmth.

完善住房保障机制。以全体人民住有所居为目标,坚持分类指导、分步实施、分级负责,加大保障性安居工程建设力度,今年新开工700万套以上,其中各类棚户区470万套以上,加强配套设施建设。提高大城市保障房比例。推进公租房和廉租房并轨运行。创新政策性住房投融资机制和工具,采取市场化运作方式,为保障房建设提供长期稳定、成本适当的资金支持。各级政府要增加财政投入,提高建设质量,保证公平分配,完善准入退出机制,年内基本建成保障房480万套,让翘首以盼的住房困难群众早日迁入新居。针对不同城市情况分类调控,增加中小套型商品房和共有产权住房供应,抑制投机投资性需求,促进房地产市场持续健康发展。

We will improve the mechanism for providing adequate housing. To achieve the goal of ensuring housing for all, we will build more government-subsidized housing in accordance with the principle of giving targeted guidance, carrying out step-by-step implementation, and having governments at different levels assume their respective responsibilities.

This year, construction of over seven million government-subsidized housing units will begin, more than 4.7 million of which will be in rundown urban areas, and construction of related supporting infrastructure will be strengthened. We will increase the proportion of government-subsidized housing in large cities. We will integrate the operation of public and low-cost rental housing. We will improve mechanisms and instruments for securing investment and financing for policy-related housing and use market forces to provide long-term, steady funding support to cover the costs of building government-subsidized housing.

Governments at all levels should increase spending on building government-subsidized housing, improve its quality, ensure its fair allotment, and improve the mechanism governing its allotment and re-allotment. By the end of this year, 4.8 million units of such housing should be basically completed so that those in urgent need of housing can move in.

We will regulate housing differently in different cities in light of local conditions, increase the supply of small and medium-sized commercial and joint-ownership housing units, curb demand for housing for speculation and investment purposes, and promote sustained and healthy development of the real estate market.

人命关天,安全生产这根弦任何时候都要绷紧。要严格执行安全生产法律法规,全面落实安全生产责任制,坚决遏制重特大安全事故发生。大力整顿和规范市场秩序,继续开展专项整治,严厉打击制售假冒伪劣行为。建立从生产加工到流通消费的全程监管机制、社会共治制度和可追溯体系,健全从中央到地方直至基层的食品药品安全监管体制。严守法规和标准,用最严格的监管、最严厉的处罚、最严肃的问责,坚决治理餐桌上的污染,切实保障“舌尖上的安全”。

There is nothing more important than human life, so we must always give our full attention to workplace safety. We must strictly enforce laws and regulations on workplace safety, fully implement the responsibility system for it, and resolutely prevent the occurrence of major and very serious work-related accidents.

We will energetically improve and maintain market order, continue to carry out targeted clean-up campaigns, and crack down on the manufacture and sale of counterfeit or shoddy goods. We will institute a monitoring mechanism with full public participation which oversees the whole process from production and processing to distribution and consumption and can trace problems to the source. We will improve safety monitoring systems for food and drugs with the involvement of both central and local governments and participation of community bodies. We will strictly follow laws and regulations and comply with standards, and apply the strictest possible oversight, punishment and accountability to prevent and control food contamination and ensure that every bite of food we eat is safe.

(九)努力建设生态文明的美好家园。 9. Building China into a beautiful homeland with a sound ecological environment
生态文明建设关系人民生活,关乎民族未来。雾霾天气范围扩大,环境污染矛盾突出,是大自然向粗放发展方式亮起的红灯。必须加强生态环境保护,下决心用硬措施完成硬任务。 Fostering a sound ecological environment is vital for people's lives and the future of our nation. Smog is affecting larger parts of China and environmental pollution has become a major problem, which is nature's red-light warning against the model of inefficient and blind development. We must strengthen protection of the ecological environment and resolve to take forceful measures to complete this challenging task.
出重拳强化污染防治。以雾霾频发的特大城市和区域为重点,以细颗粒物(PM2.5)和可吸入颗粒物(PM10)治理为突破口,抓住产业结构、能源效率、尾气排放和扬尘等关键环节,健全政府、企业、公众共同参与新机制,实行区域联防联控,深入实施大气污染防治行动计划。今年要淘汰燃煤小锅炉5万台,推进燃煤电厂脱硫改造1500万千瓦、脱硝改造1.3亿千瓦、除尘改造1.8亿千瓦,淘汰黄标车和老旧车600万辆,推广新能源汽车,在全国供应国四标准车用柴油。实施清洁水行动计划,加强饮用水源保护,推进重点流域污染治理。实施土壤修复工程。整治农业面源污染,建设美丽乡村。我们要像对贫困宣战一样,坚决向污染宣战。

We will take strong measures to strengthen pollution prevention and control.

We will fully implement the plan for preventing and controlling air pollution, with the focus on mega cities and regions with frequent occurrence of smog. We will start by reducing PM10 and PM2.5 emissions, and focus on the following key areas: improving the industrial structure, raising energy efficiency, reducing vehicle exhaust emissions, and preventing and monitoring wind-borne dust.

We will improve the new mechanism involving government, enterprises and the general public, coordinate prevention and control efforts in affected regions, and fully implement the action plan for preventing and controlling air pollution.

This year, 50,000 small coal-fired furnaces will be shut down, and we will carry out desulphurization in coal-burning power plants with production capacity of 15 million kilowatts, denitrification in plants with 130 million kilowatts of production capacity, and dust removal in those with 180 million kilowatts of production capacity. Six million old high-emission vehicles will be removed from the roads, spread the use of new-energy vehicles and diesel fuel for vehicles that meets fourth-stage national standards will be provided nationwide.

We will implement the clean water action plan, strengthen the protection of sources of drinking water, prevent and control water pollution in key river basins, and carry out land restoration. We will control non-point agricultural source pollution and build beautiful rural areas. We will declare war against pollution and fight it with the same determination we battled poverty.

推动能源生产和消费方式变革。加大节能减排力度,控制能源消费总量,今年能源消耗强度要降低3.9%以上,二氧化硫、化学需氧量排放量都要减少2%。要提高非化石能源发电比重,发展智能电网和分布式能源,鼓励发展风能、太阳能、生物质能,开工一批水电、核电项目。加强天然气、煤层气、页岩气勘探开采与应用。推进资源性产品价格改革,建立健全居民用水、用气阶梯价格制度。实施建筑能效提升、节能产品惠民工程,发展清洁生产、绿色低碳技术和循环经济,提高应对气候变化能力。强化节水、节材和资源综合利用。加快开发应用节能环保技术和产品,把节能环保产业打造成生机勃勃的朝阳产业。

We will change the way energy is produced and consumed.

We will strengthen energy conservation and emissions reduction and impose a ceiling on total energy consumption. This year, we aim to cut energy intensity by more than 3.9%. The emissions of sulfur dioxide and chemical oxygen demand will both be reduced by 2%.

We will continue to raise the proportion of electricity generated by non-fossil fuel, develop smart grids and promote balanced distribution of energy resources, encourage the development of wind and solar power and biomass energy, and start construction of a number of hydropower and nuclear power projects. We will strengthen exploration, exploitation and utilization of natural gas, coal seam gas and shale gas.

We will reform pricing of resource products and establish a sound system of tiered pricing for household water and gas consumption. We will launch projects to enhance energy efficiency of buildings and subsidize the production of energy-efficient products; develop clean production, green and low-carbon technologies and the circular economy; and become better able to respond to climate change. We will intensify water and materials conservation and comprehensive utilization of resources. We will speed up the development and use of energy-efficient and environmentally friendly technologies and products and turn the energy conservation and environmental protection industries into dynamic sunrise industries.

推进生态保护与建设。继续实施退耕还林还草,今年拟安排500万亩。实施退牧还草、天然林保护、防沙治沙、水土保持、石漠化治理、湿地恢复等重大生态工程。加强三江源生态保护。落实主体功能区制度,推动建立跨区域、跨流域生态补偿机制。生态环保功在当代、利在千秋。各级政府和全社会都要进一步积极行动起来,呵护好我们赖以生存的共同家园。

We will move forward with ecological protection and development.

We will continue to carry out the project to convert marginal farmland back to forests and grassland, with this year's target being 333,300 hectares. We will implement major ecological projects to return grazing land to grassland, protect natural forests, prevent and control sandstorms, conserve water and soil, prevent and reverse the expansion of stony deserts, and recover wetlands.

We will strengthen ecological conservation at the sources of the Yangtze, Yellow and Lancang rivers. We will implement the functional zoning system and give impetus to the establishment of trans-regional and cross-watershed mechanisms to compensate for ecological damage. Ecological conservation and environmental protection benefit future generations. Governments at all levels and the whole society should act more vigorously to protect the land our lives depend on.

各位代表! Fellow Deputies,
做好政府工作,必须加强自身改革建设。各级政府要忠实履行宪法和法律赋予的职责,按照推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的要求,加快建设法治政府、创新政府、廉洁政府,增强政府执行力和公信力,努力为人民提供优质高效服务。 To do the government's work well, we must strengthen its internal reform and self-governance. Governments at all levels should faithfully fulfill the responsibilities conferred upon them by the Constitution and laws. We should, in keeping with the requirements for modernizing the country's governance system and governance capacity, speed up the building of a law-based, innovative and clean government, enhance its credibility and law-enforcement capability, and strive to provide high-quality and efficient services to the people.
深入贯彻依法治国基本方略,把政府工作全面纳入法治轨道,用法治思维和法治方式履行职责。加强政府法制工作,改革行政执法体制。创新政府管理理念和方式,健全决策、执行、监督机制,推进政府向社会购买服务的改革。加强公务员队伍建设,全面提高公务员素质。所有公务员都要以人民利益至上,廉洁奉公,勤勉尽责,真正当好人民公仆。

We will fully implement the basic strategy of law-based governance, act in accordance with the law in all our government work, and be guided by law in both thinking and action in performing our duties.

We will strengthen government work concerning the legal system and reform the system of government law enforcement. We will improve guidelines on and ways of conducting government administration; improve decision-making, enforcement and oversight mechanisms; and advance reforms of government procurement of services. We will raise the competence of public servants and improve their overall performance. All public servants must put people's interests first and perform their duties honestly, diligently and faithfully.

各级政府必须厉行节约,反对浪费,坚持过紧日子。要严格执行“约法三章”:政府性楼堂馆所一律不得新建和改扩建,财政供养人员总量只减不增,“三公”经费只减不增。启动公务用车制度改革。加强行政监察,纠正行业不正之风。加大审计和审计结果公告力度。今年要对土地出让金收支和耕地保护情况进行全面审计。深入推进反腐倡廉制度建设,坚决查处腐败案件,对任何腐败分子都要依法严惩、决不姑息。

Governments at all levels must practice economy, eliminate waste, and tighten their belts. They must strictly observe the following three rules: The construction of new government buildings and renovation and expansion of existing government buildings are prohibited. The total number of government employees is to be reduced. Government spending on official overseas visits, official vehicles, and official hospitality is to be reduced. Reform of the system for using official vehicles will be launched.

We will strengthen administrative oversight and correct improper conduct in trades. We will intensify auditing and release more auditing results to the public. This year, we will comprehensively audit the revenue from the sale of land-use rights and its use and also audit farmland protection. We will energetically build a system for combating corruption and upholding integrity, resolutely investigate corruption cases, and penalize offenders without mercy in accordance with the law.

各级政府要自觉接受同级人大及其常委会的监督,接受人民政协的民主监督,认真听取人大代表、民主党派、工商联、无党派人士和各人民团体的意见。加大政务公开,完善新闻发言人制度,及时回应社会关切。我们是人民政府,所有工作都要充分体现人民意愿,全面接受人民监督。

Governments at all levels should willingly accept the oversight of people's congresses and their standing committees at the same level; accept the democratic oversight of CPPCC committees; and eagerly solicit the views of deputies to people's congresses, the democratic parties, federations of industry and commerce, public figures without party affiliation and people's organizations.

We will make our operations more open, improve the spokesperson system, and respond to people's concerns promptly. Our government is a government of the people. In all our work, we should fully reflect their aspirations and be completely open to their oversight.

各位代表! Fellow Deputies,
我国是统一的多民族国家,各民族都是中华民族的平等一员。要全面正确贯彻党的民族政策,坚持和完善民族区域自治制度,促进民族团结进步、共同繁荣发展。认真落实中央支持少数民族和民族地区发展的政策措施。扶持人口较少民族发展,继续实施兴边富民行动。保护和发展少数民族优秀传统文化。中华民族大家庭的各族儿女和睦相处、和衷共济、和谐发展、心心相印,一定会更加幸福安康、兴旺发达。

China is a unified country with many ethnic groups, all of which are equal members of the Chinese nation. We need to fully and faithfully implement the Party's policies concerning ethnic groups, uphold and improve the system of regional ethnic autonomy, and promote ethnic unity, progress, common prosperity and development.

We will conscientiously carry out the central leadership's policies and measures for supporting the development of ethnic minorities and ethnic minority areas. We will support the growth of ethnic groups with small populations and continue to implement programs to boost development of border regions and improve the lives of people there. We will protect and develop the fine cultural traditions of ethnic minorities.

We are the people of all of the ethnic groups in the big family of the Chinese nation. We live in peace and harmony, work together for a common cause, develop in harmony and share mutual affinity. We will definitely enjoy more peace, happiness, and prosperity as well as greater development.

全面贯彻党的宗教工作基本方针,促进宗教关系和谐,发挥宗教界人士和信教群众在促进经济社会发展中的积极作用。 We will comprehensively implement the Party's basic policy on religion, promote harmonious relations among religions, and give full rein to the positive role of religious leaders and believers in promoting economic and social development.
团结海外华侨华人和归侨侨眷,发挥侨胞参与祖国现代化建设、促进祖国和平统一、推进中外人文交流的独特作用,使海内外中华儿女的凝聚力不断增强。 We will promote unity with overseas Chinese nationals, foreign citizens of Chinese descent, overseas Chinese nationals who have returned to China and relatives of overseas Chinese nationals who live in China. We will give full play to their distinctive role in carrying out China's modernization, advancing its peaceful reunification, and promoting people-to-people and cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries, and strengthen the close bond of all Chinese at home and overseas.
各位代表! Fellow Deputies,
过去一年,国防和军队建设扎实推进,全军和武警部队展现出新的风貌和战斗力水平。新的一年,要紧紧围绕党在新形势下的强军目标,全面加强军队革命化现代化正规化建设,不断提高军队信息化条件下威慑和实战能力。统筹推进各方向各领域军事斗争准备,加强和改进思想政治建设,加快全面建设现代后勤步伐,加强国防科研和高新技术武器装备发展。狠抓依法治军、从严治军。深化国防和军队改革,加强军事战略指导,完善现代军事力量体系。加强国防动员和后备力量建设,强化日常战备和边防海防空防管控。推动军民融合深度发展。加快建设现代化武装警察力量。坚决完成抢险救灾、反恐维稳、维和护航和处置突发事件等任务,积极参加和支援国家经济建设。各级政府要一如既往关心支持国防和军队建设,密切鱼水情谊,使军政军民团结坚如磐石。

Last year, we made solid progress in strengthening national defense and the armed forces, and the armed forces and armed police force now are full of new vigor and have enhanced their capabilities. This year, with the Party's goal of strengthening the armed forces under the new conditions in mind, we will comprehensively enhance the revolutionary nature of the Chinese armed forces, further modernize them and upgrade their performance, and continue to raise their deterrence and combat capabilities in the information age.

We will carry out coordinated planning for military preparedness in all scenarios and areas, strengthen and improve the political beliefs of the armed forces, speed up the comprehensive development of modern logistics, and strengthen research on national defense and the development of new- and high-technology weapons and equipment.

We will run the armed forces with strict discipline and in accordance with the law. We will deepen reform of national defense and the armed forces, strengthen military strategic guidance, and improve the system of modern military power. We will strengthen national defense mobilization and the reserve forces, place war preparations on a regular footing, and enhance border, coastal and air defenses. We will deepen the integration of military and civilian sectors.

We will speed up the building of a modern armed police force. The armed forces must resolutely carry out their mission of providing disaster relief, countering terrorism, maintaining stability, keeping peace, providing escort and handling emergencies, and actively participate in and support economic development.

Governments at all levels should continue to concern themselves with and support strengthening national defense and the armed forces, forge closer ties between the people and the army, and build unbreakable unity between the government and the armed forces and between the people and the armed forces.

各位代表! Fellow Deputies,
我们将坚定不移贯彻“一国两制”方针,全面准确落实基本法,保持香港、澳门长期繁荣稳定。支持香港特别行政区、澳门特别行政区行政长官和政府依法施政,大力发展经济、有效改善民生、依法推进民主、维护社会和谐。进一步扩大内地与港澳合作,促进港澳自身竞争力提升。在国家全面深化改革和现代化进程中,香港、澳门一定会实现更好发展。

We will unswervingly implement the principles of "one country, two systems," fully and faithfully carry out the basic laws of the Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions, and maintain the two special administrative regions' long-term prosperity and stability.

We will support the chief executives and governments of the two regions in governing their regions in accordance with the law, energetically developing the economy, effectively improving people's wellbeing, advancing democracy in accordance with the law and maintaining social harmony. We will further increase cooperation between the mainland and the two regions and help them become more competitive. As China continues to comprehensively deepen reform and modernize itself, Hong Kong and Macao will stand to benefit greatly from this process.

我们将全面贯彻对台工作大政方针,坚持“九二共识”,维护一个中国框架,巩固增进两岸政治互信,促进经济融合,推动交流合作,开展协商谈判,秉持“两岸一家亲”的理念,维护骨肉情谊,凝聚同胞心力,为建设中华民族美好家园、实现祖国和平统一大业贡献力量。我们期待双方越走越近,越走越亲,使两岸关系和平发展成为不可阻挡、不可逆转的历史潮流。

We will fully implement the major policies concerning Taiwan affairs, uphold the 1992 Consensus, uphold the one-China framework, strengthen and enhance cross-Straits political trust, promote economic integration, promote exchanges and cooperation, and engage in consultations and negotiations.

Guided by the vision that "we people on both sides of the Straits are one family," we will uphold our kindred friendship and work together with our compatriots to build the beautiful homeland of the Chinese nation and achieve China's peaceful reunification. We hope that the two sides will build increasingly close and intimate ties so that the peaceful growth of cross-Strait relations will become an irresistible and irreversible historical trend.

各位代表! Fellow Deputies,
今年是和平共处五项原则提出六十周年。中国人民热爱和平、渴望发展,我国现代化建设需要长期稳定的国际环境。我们将继续高举和平、发展、合作、共赢的旗帜,始终不渝走和平发展道路,始终不渝奉行互利共赢的开放战略。坚决维护国家主权、安全、发展利益,切实维护我国公民和法人海外合法权益。全面推进周边外交,巩固睦邻友好,深化互利合作。维护二战胜利成果和战后国际秩序,决不允许开历史倒车。加强同发展中国家团结与合作,维护发展中国家共同利益。深化同各大国战略对话与务实合作,推动建立长期稳定健康发展的大国关系。办好亚太经合组织领导人非正式会议。中国是一个负责任的大国,我们将积极参与国际多边事务,为解决全球性问题和热点问题发挥建设性作用,切实维护国际公平正义,推动国际秩序朝着更加公正合理方向发展。中国愿同世界各国一道,推进人类持久和平,实现共同发展繁荣。

This year is the 60th anniversary of the issuance of the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence. The Chinese people love peace and cherish development, and China needs a long-term stable international environment for its modernization. We will continue to hold high the banner of peace, development, cooperation and mutual benefit; unswervingly follow the path of peaceful development; and unwaveringly implement a win-win strategy of opening up.

We will resolutely safeguard China's sovereignty, security and development interests, and fully protect the legitimate rights and interests of Chinese citizens and legal persons overseas. We will comprehensively advance China's neighborhood diplomacy, and strengthen friendship and deepen mutually beneficial cooperation with our neighbors. We will safeguard the victory of World War II and the postwar international order, and will not allow anyone to reverse the course of history. We will strengthen unity and cooperation with other developing countries and uphold our shared interests. We will deepen strategic dialogue and communication and pragmatic cooperation with other major countries and promote the sound growth of relations of long-term stability with them. We will be a good host of the APEC Economic Leaders Meeting.

As a responsible power, China will actively participate in international, multilateral affairs, play a constructive role in resolving global and hotspot issues, earnestly safeguard international fairness and justice, and work to make the international order more just and equitable. China will join hands with other countries to achieve enduring peace, common development and prosperity of the human race.

各位代表! Fellow Deputies,

人民赋予重托,奋斗创造未来。让我们紧密团结在以习近平同志为总书记的党中央周围,高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜,齐心协力,开拓进取,扎实工作,为全面建成小康社会、建成富强民主文明和谐的社会主义现代化国家、实现中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦而努力奋斗!

(注:M2为M右下角加2)

(注:PM2.5为PM右下角加2.5,PM10为PM右下角加10)

The people have placed great trust in us, and we will work hard to create the future. Let us rally closely around the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as General Secretary, hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics and work together as one. Let us endeavor to break new ground and make solid progress, and strive to finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and a modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced and harmonious. With all these efforts, we can surely realize the Chinese Dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation!
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